1.  An  Oriental  Shepherd  Leading  his  Flock. 

2.  The  Sea  of  Galilee  and  Mount  of  Beatituoes   Looking  Southward  from  Tii 

3.  One  of  the  Supposed  Sites  of  Calvary,  North  of  the  Damascus  Gate. 


THE    GOSPEL   HISTORY   OF    OUR    LORD   MADE 
VISIBLE 


HISTORICAL  CHARTS 

OF  THE  LIFE  AND 

Ministry  of  Christ 

WITH   AN 

OUTLINE  HARMONY  OF  THE  GOSPELS 

BY 

GEORGE    E.    CROSGUP,   B.A. 

Author  of  "A  Synchronic  Chart  of  United  States  History."  Etc. 

WITH   AN    INTRODUCTION    BY 

PROFESSOR   MATTHEW   B.    RIDDLE,   D.D.,    LL.D. 


THE  FOUR  GOSPELS. 

■  ST.  MATTHEW'S  is  the  Gospel  for  the  Jews,  the  Gospel  of  the  past,  the 

Gospel  which  sees  in  Christianity  a  fulfilment  of  Judaism,  the  Gospel   of 

discourses,  the  didactic  Gospel,  the  Gospel   which  represents  Christ  as  the 

Messiah  of  the  Jew^. 
'  ST.  MARK'S  is  the  Gospel  for  the  Romans,  the  Gospel  of  the  present,  the 

Gospel  of   incident,   the  anecdotal    Gospel,  the  Gospel    'which    represents 

Christ  as  the  Son  of  God  and  Lord  of  the  World. 
ST.  LUKE'S   is   the   Gospel   for  the  Greeks,   the  Gospel  of  the  future,  the 

Gospel  of    progressive  Christianity,  of  the   universality  and  gratuitousness 

of   the    Gospel,   the  historic    Gospel,    the    Gospel    of   Jesus    as    the    Good 

Physician  and  the  Saviour  of  mankind. 
ST.  JOHN'S    is  pre-eminently  the  Gospel  for  the   Church,   the  Gospel  of 

eternity,  the  spiritual  Gospel,  the  Gospel  of  Christ  as  the  Eternal  Son.  and 

the  Incarnate  Word." 

—From  Canon  Farrar's  "Messages  of  the  Books." 


philadelphia: 
The  Sunday  School  Times  Company 

M  C  M  X  I  I 


Copyright,  1912,  by  The  Sunday  School  Times  Company 


Entered  at  Stationers'  Hall,  London,  1912 


INTRODUCTION 


The  distinctive  peculiarity  of  the  following  presentation  of  the  life  of  our 
Lord  on  earth  is  its  combination  of  Harmony  and  Charts.  The  two  are  inter- 
dependent, not  simply  conjoined.  This  combination  constitutes  what  Mr. 
Croscup  entitles  the  "Visible  Method"  of  teaching  history,  applied  to  the 
narratives  in  the  four  Gospels. 

As  he  has  had  considerable  experience  in  the  preparation  of  similar  volumes, 
and  has  met  with  marked  success  in  introducing  them  into  educational  institu- 
tions, the  present  work  gives  evidence  of  his  skill,  industry  and  accuracy. 

The  chronology  and  sequence  of  events  are  those  adopted  by  many  har- 
monists and  commentators.  The  detailed  statement  of  the  historical  facts  is 
much  fuller  than  is  usual  in  Outline  Harmonies.  Each  event  is  dated  and 
numbered,  the  numbers  (from  1-189)  being  used  in  the  accompanying  diagrams. 
Lists  of  the  parables  and  miracles  are  appended,  together  with  other  collateral 
information.  A  valuable  Dictionary  of  Names  closes  the  letter-press  of  the 
volume.  The  Charts  are  colored,  the  color  having  its  important  significance. 
A  general  view  of  the  history  properly  begins  this  series  of  helps;  but  this  is 
greatly  enlarged  in  another  Chart.  The  diagram  illustrating  the  events  of 
Passion  Week  accompanies  the  general  view.  An  excellent  map  of  Palestine 
is  naturally  inserted.  But  the  various  portions  of  Palestine  are  presented  in 
smaller  maps,  which  indicate  the  series  of  events  belonging  to  each  respectively. 
The  precincts  of  the  temple  are  portrayed  with  instructive  coloring,  and  many 
other  ingenious  devices  are  used  to  aid  the  memory. 

This  brief  summary  of  the  contents  of  the  volume  does  not,  however,  give 
any  adequate  idea  of  the  vast  amount  of  information  it  presents,  nor  does  it 
indicate  the  immense  labor  required  in  preparing  it. 

The  Sunday-school  teacher  can  use.it  most  profitably,  provided  care  and 
skill  are  used  in  mastering  Mr.  Croscup's  method  and  obtaining  dexterity  in 
the  handling  of  the  abundant  matter.  He  will,  doubtless,  in  his  text,  make 
valuable  suggestions  in  regard  to  the  best  use  to  be  made  of  his  work. 

M.  B.  RIDDLE. 

Western  Theological  Seminary,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 


"  For  unto  us  a  child  is  born,  unto  us  a  son  is  given  ;  and  the 
government  shall  be  upon  his  shoulder  :  and  his  name  shall  be 
called  Wonderful,  Counsellor,  Mighty  God,  Everlasting  Father, 
Prince  of  Peace."     (Is.  q  :  6.) 

"  And  the  Word  became  flesh,  and  dwelt  among  us  (and  we 
beheld  his  glory,  glory  as  of  the  only  begotten  from  the  Father),  full 
of  grace  and  truth."     {John  i :  14.) 


FOREWORD 


The  Charts  accompanying  this  brief  volume  are  an  attempt  to  make  visible 
and  therefore  more  real  the  earthly  life  and  ministry  of  Our  Lord.  While  the 
time  and  place  of  many  of  the  recorded  events  are  still  undetermined,  yet  the 
general  order  is  sufficiently  probable  to  warrant  a  chronological  arrangement. 
The  known  facts  would  certainly  justify  and  give  value  to  such  an  arrangement, 
even  where  much  must  remain  in  dispute. 

The  importance  of  localizing  historical  facts  is  well-known  to  every  suc- 
cessful teacher,  for  unlocalized  knowledge  must  always  remain  nebulous.  Again 
"if  the  elements  of  time  and  place  are  stricken  from  the  Gospels,  the  Lord's 
Life  ceases  to  be  a  truly  human  and  intelligible  one.  He  becomes  only  a  wan- 
dering voice.  The  more  fully  we  know  the  outward  circumstances  of  His  Life 
and  His  relationships  to  those  around  Him,  the  more  do  His  words  gain  in 
significance  and  attest  His  discernment  and  wisdom."*  When  the  apparently 
detached  events  in  the  Life  of  Our  Lord  are  woven  into  one  composite  whole 
as  in  a  chart,  their  closer  relationships  become  more  apparent  and  their  deep 
significance  is  made  more  clear. 

Chronology. — Authorities  differ  as  to  the  length  of  the  ministry  of  Christ; 
the  various  theories  ranging  in  the  main  from  two  to  three  and  a  half  years  and 
depending  upon  the  Number  of  Passovers  believed  to  be  included  in  the  Ministry. 
Three  Passovers  are  distinctly  mentioned  in  the  Gospel  of  John  (2:  13;  6:4; 
12  :  1  and  an  undetermined  feast,  5:1).  If  this  last  feast  is  a  Passover  the 
Ministry  will  comprise  about  three  and  a  half  years.  But  the  question  of 
Chronology  cannot  be  considered  within  the  present  limits;  and  the  reader, 
desiring  to  make  a  more  intimate  study,  should  consult  any  of  the  more  impor- 
tant Lives  of  Christ  (see  Bibliography)  or  the  related  articles  in  the  standard 
Bible  Dictionaries. 

The  present  Charts  are  based  upon  the  longer  period,  and  closely  follow 
Professor  M.  B.  Riddle's  Outline  Harmony  of  the  Gospels,  as  seemingly  the  most 
consistent.  They  also  conform  to  the  well-known  Harmony  of  the  Gospels  by 
Stevens  and  Burton,  and  with  slight  variations  the  Harmony  of  Professor  Robin- 
son (as  revised),  and  the  Outlines  by  Dr.  Andrews. 

The  Charts. — It  is  believed  that  these  will  be  readily  comprehended. 
Acknowledgment  must  be  made  here  to  Rev.  Horace  R.  Goodchild,  of  Middle- 
town,  N.  J.,  whose  skill  as  a  draughtsman  has  contributed  to  the  finished  product. 
An  effort  was  made,  perhaps  with  indifferent  success,  to  exclude  from  the  Charts 
confusing  details.  If  to  some  they  should  seem  deficient  in  details,  it  is 
to  be  remembered  that  a  diagram  cannot  represent  more  than  the  framework 
of  the  edifice  to  be  reared,  and  that  the  real  value  can  come  only  to  him  who 
completes  the  structure  for  himself. 

To  THE  Teacher. — A  few  suggestive  questions  are  given  on  page  40,  which 
will  indicate  the  character  of  the  information  to  be  gained  from  the  Charts, 
These  questions  will  at  the  same  time  give  some  hints  as  to  the  use  of  the  Charts, 
both  in  the  study  as  well  as  in  the  class-room. 

G.  E.  C. 

New  York,  December,  191 1. 

♦The  Life  of  Our  Lord,  by  S.  J.  Andrews,  p.  vii. 


HINTS  AS  TO  USEFUL  BOOKS 


All  of  the  following  books  have  recognized  good  qualities.  This  list  will  suffice,  perhaps, 
by  way  of  suggestion.  In  the  end,  each  student  must  have  the  pleasure  of  making  his  own  choice 
— through  aid  of  local  book-stores,  libraries  and  the  like — of  the  books  specially  suited  to  the 
state  of  study  of  himself  or  his  class.  Brief  descriptions  of  books,  often  misleading  instead  of 
informing,  are  not  included  here.  The  only  attempt  is  to  help  the  student  by  putting  him  on 
the  track  of  other  books. 

I.   THE   LIFE   OF   CHRIST. 

"Lives"  of  Christ  are  well-nigh  innumerable.  Not  to  go  back  too  far  for  practical  purposes, 
there  are  certain  standards  of  a  generation  or  two  ago,  copies  of  which  may  be  found  in  all  libraries 
and  many  homes,  which  are  as  useful  or  as  popular  as  ever,  such  as  the  works  of  Beecher,  Eders- 
heim,  Fairbairn,  Geikie,  Hanna,  Stalker,  and  Andrews — the  last  being  an  exact  and  concise 
treatment  of  chronological  and  geographical  questions,  upon  the  accuracy  of  which  this  Chrono- 
logical Outline  of  the  Life  of  Christ  has  been  largely  formulated.  These,  with  others,  are  noted 
below. 


Andrews,  Samuel  J.     The  Life  of  our  Lord 

Upon  the  Earth.     Scribners,  1892.     $2.50. 
Anthony,   Alfred   W.     An   Introduction   to 

the   Life   of  Jesus.     Silver,    Burdett,    1900. 

5 1. 00. 
Barton,  William  E.     Jesus  of  Nazareth;  His 

Life  and  the  Scenes  of  His  Mijiistry.     Pilgrim 

Press,  1903.     $2.50. 
Beardslee,   C.  S.     The  Life  Story  of  Jesus. 

The  Sunday  School  Times.     10  cents. 
BossuET,     W.     Jesus.      (Crown     Theological 

Library.)     Putnam,  1906.     $1.25. 
Burton,  E.  D.,  and  Mathews,  S.   Construct- 
ive Studies  in  the  Life  of  Christ      University 

of  Chicago  Press,  1901.     $1.00. 
Dawson,  W.  J.     The  Life  of  Christ.     Jacobs, 

1901.     $1.50. 
Edersheim,  Alfred.     The  Life  and  Times  of 

Jesus  the  Messiah.     Longmans.     Two  vols. 

$1.50. 
Farrar,   Frederick  W.     The  Life  of  Christ. 

Crowell.     60  cents  to  $2.50. 
Geikie,  Cunningham.     The  Life  and   Words 

of  Christ.     Appleton.     $1.00. 
Gilbert,  G.  Holley.     The  Student's  Life  of 

Jesus.     Doran.     50  cents. 
HoRTON,    Robert    F.     The   Hero    of  Heroes. 

Rcvell.     $1.25. 
Rhees,  Rush.     The  Life  of  Jesus  of  Nazareth. 

Scribners,  1900.     $1.25. 
Sandav,   W.     Outlines  of  the  Life  of  Christ. 

Scribners,  1906.     $1.25. 
Sanders,   Frank   K.     The   Teacher's  Life  of 

Christ.     Bible  Study  Pub.  Co.     $1.00. 
Smith,     David.     The    Days    of    His     Flesh. 

Doran,  1905.     $2.00. 
Stalker,     J.\mes.     Life     of     Christ.     Revell. 

60  cents. 
Vallings,  J.     Jesus   Christ  the  Divine   Man. 

Revell.     75  cents. 


II.    COMMENTARIES. 

Matthew: 

Allen,  Willoughby  C.     St.  Matthew. 
International  Critical  Commentary.) 
ners,  1907.     $3.00- 


(The 
Scrib- 


Anderson,  Edward  P.  Matthew.  (Bible  Class 
Hand  Books.)     Scribners,  191 1.     75  cents. 

Broadus,  John  A.  The  Gospel  of  Matthew. 
(Amer.  Commentary  on  the  N.  T.)  Amer. 
Bapt.  Pub.  Soc,  1887.     $2.25. 

Carr,  a.  St.  Matthew.  (Cambridge  Bible.) 
Putnam,  1879.     75  cents. 

Gibson,  J.  Monro.  St.  Matthew.  (Expositor's 
Bible.)     Doran,  1890.     $1.50. 

HoRTON,  Robert  F.  A  Devotional  Commen- 
tary on  the  Gospel  of  St.  Matthew.  Revell. 
Si. 00. 

Maclaren,  Alexander.  Matthew.  (Exposi- 
tions of  Holy  Scripture.)  Doran,  1905. 
Three  vols.     $1.25  a  volume. 

MouLTON,  Richard  G.  Mastering  the  Gospel 
of  St.  Matthew.  The  Sunday  School  Times 
Co.     4  cents;    25  cents  per  dozen. 

Plummer,  Alfred.  St.  Matthew.  Scribners, 
1909.     $3.00. 

Rice,  Edwin  W.  Matthew.  Sunday  School 
Union,  1910.     $1.25 

Robertson,  A.  T.  Matthew.  Macmillan. 
60  cents. 

Schaeffer,  C.  F.  Matthew.  (Lutheran  Com- 
mentary.)    Scribners,  1905.     $2.00. 

Schaff,  Philip.  Matthew.  (International  Re- 
vision Commentary.)  Scribners,  1879. 
$1.25. 

Slater,  W.  F.  St.  Matthew.  (The  New  Cen- 
tury Bible.)     Oxford  Univ.  Press.     90  cents. 

Smith,  David.  St.  Mattheiv.  (Westminster 
New  Testament.)     Revell.     75  cents. 

Mark: 

Bennett,  W.  H.     The  Life  of  Christ  According 

to  St.  Mark.     Doran,  1907.     $1.75- 
Chadwick,    G.    a.     St.     Mark.     (Expositor's 

Bible.)     Doran.     $1.50. 
Clarke,  William  Newton.     Mark.     (Amer. 

Commentary     on     the     New     Testament.) 

Amer.    Bapt.    Pub.    Soc.     $2.75    (including 

Luke). 
Gould,    E.    P.      St.    Mark.       (International 

Critical     Commentary.)      Scribners,     1896. 

$2.50. 


HINTS  AS  TO   USEFUL   BOOKS 


C.REEN,  S.  W.     St.  Mark.      (The  Westminster 

New  Testament.)     Revcll.     75  cents. 
Haas,    J.    A.    VV.     Mark.     (Lutheran    Com- 
mentary.)    Scribncrs.     $2.00. 
HoRTON,  RoRERT  F".     The  Cartoons  of  St.  Mark. 

Revell,  1894.     51.50. 
Maclaren,  Alexander.    Mark.    (Expositions 

of    Holy    Scripture.)     Doran,     1907.     Two 

vols.     $1.25    a  volume. 
Maclear,  G.  F.     St.   Mark.   (The  Cambridge 

Bible.)     Putnam.     75  cents. 
Menzies,  Allan.     The  Earliest  Gospel.     Mac- 

millan,  1901.     S2.75. 
Riddle,   Matthew  B.     Mark.   (International 

Revision  Commentary.)     Scribncrs.     $1.00. 
Salmond,  Stewart  D.  F.     Mark.  (The  New 

Century   Bible.)     Oxford     Univ.   Press.     90 

cents. 
Swete,    Henry    B.     St.    Mark.     Macmillan, 

1902.     $3.75. 
Walpole,    a.    S.     St.    Mark.     Oxford    Univ. 

Press,  1908.     $1.00. 


(The    New 
Press.     90 


Luke: 

Adenev,   Walter   F.     St.   Luke. 

Century    Bible.)     Oxford    Univ 

cents. 
Bliss,  George  R.  Luke.    (Amer.  Commentary 

on    the    N.    T.)     Amer.    Bapt.    Pub.    Soc. 

$2. 75  (including  Mark). 
Burton,      Henry.      St.    Luke.      (Expositor's 

Bible.)     Doran.     $1.50. 
Farrar,     Frederick    W.     St.     Luke.     (The 

Cambridge  Bible.)     Putnam.     $1.00. 
Garvie,   Alfred   E.     St.  Luke.     (The  West- 
minster New  Testament.)     Revell.    75  cents. 
Godet,  F.    St.  Luke.     Scribncrs.     Two    vols. 

54.50. 
Maclaren,     Alexander.      Luke.      (Exposi- 
tions of  Holy  Scripture.)   Doran,  1909.  Two 

vols.     $1.25  a  volume. 
Plummer,  Alfred.     67.  Luke.     (Internationa 

Critical  Commentary.)     Scribncrs.  $3.00. 
Ramsay,  Sir  William  M.     Luke  the  Physician 

Doran.     $3.00. 
Riddle,  Matthew  B.     Luke.     (Internationa 

Revision  Commentary'.)     Scribncrs.     $1.25. 
Spexce,  H.  D.  M.     St.  Luke.     (Pulpit  Com 

mentary.)     Funk    &    Wagnalls    Co.,    1889 

Two  vols.     $1.00. 

John: 

Bernard,  John  Henry.  St.  John.  (Inter- 
national Critical  Commentary.)  Scribncrs. 
(In  preparation.) 

Clark,  Henry  W.  St.  John.  (The  West- 
minster New  Testament.)  Revell.  75 
cents. 

Dods,  Marcus.  St.  John.  (Expositor's 
Bible.)     Doran.     Two  vols.     $1.50  each. 

Hovey,  Alvah.  John.  (Amer.  Commentary 
on  the  New  Testament.)  Amer.  Bapt. 
Pub.  Soc,  1886.     $2.25. 

McClymont,  J.  A.  St.  John.  (The  New 
Century  Bible.)  Oxford  Univ.  Press.  90 
cents. 

MiLLiGAN,  William,  and  Moulton,  W.  F. 
St.  John.  (International  Revision  Com- 
mentary.)    Scribncrs,  1898.     $1.25. 

Plummer,  Alfred.  67.  John.  (The  Cam- 
bridge Bible.)     Putnam,  1881.     Si.oo. 

Westcott,  B.  F.  St.  John.  (The  Bible 
Commentary.)  Scribncrs,  1908.  $3.00 
(including  The  Acts). 


General: 

Bacon,  B.  W.     Beginnings  of  the  Gospel  Story. 

Yale  Univ.  Press,  1909.     $2.25. 
Montefiore,    C.    G.     The   Synoptic   Gospels. 

Macmillan,  1909.     Two  vols.     $5.00. 
Vincent,    Marvin    R.     Word   Studies  in   the 

New    Testament.     Vol.    I,   on   the  Synoptic 

Gospels.     Scribncrs.     $4.00. 

III.  HARMONIES    OF     THE     GOSPELS. 

Broadus,  John  A.     A  Harmony  of  the  Gospels. 

Doran,  1893.     $1.25. 
Butler,  J.   G.     The   Fourfold  Gospel.     Funk 

&  Wagnalls  Co.,  1890.     75  cents. 
Clark,  G.  W.     Harmony  of  the  Gospels.    Amer. 

Baptist  Pub.  Soc.     Ncvv  Ed.,  1892.     $1.25. 
Genung,    George    F.     The    Fourfold    Story. 

Congregational  Pub.  House.     75  cents. 
Pierson,  Arthur  T.     The  One  Gospel.     Baker 

&  Tavlor  Co.,  1889.     75  cents. 
Pope,  C.  H.     The  Gospeh  Combined.     Wilde 

&  Co.     75  cents. 
Riddle,    Matthew   B.     Outline  Harmony  of 

the  Gospels.     The  Sunday  School  Times  Co. 

25  cents. 
Robinson,    E.      Harmony     of    the     Gospels. 

(Revised    by    M.    B.    Riddle.)     Houghton, 

Mifflin  Co.     $2.00. 
Stevens,    W.    A.,    and    Burton,    E.    D.     A 

Harmony  of  the  Gospels  for  Historical  Study. 

Scribncrs.     New  Ed.,  1904.     $1.50. 
WiESLER,    Karl.     Chronological    Sytiopsis    of 

the  Four  Gospels.     Macmillan.     $1.50. 

IV.  HISTORICAL    AND    DESCRIPTIVE. 

Bliss,    F.    J.     The   Development   of  Palestine 

Exploration.     Scribncrs,  1906.     Si. 50. 
Curtis,  W.  E.      To-day  in  Syria  and  Palestine. 

Revell,  1903.     $2. 00. 
Fairweather,    William.      The     Background 

of  the  Gospels.     Scribncrs.     S3. 00. 
Grant,    Elihu.     The  Peasantry  of  Palestine. 

Pilgrim  Press,  1908.     Si. 50. 
Macphie,  J.  P.     The  Homeland  of  the  Bible. 

Revell,  1903.     $1.25. 
Masterman,    E.    W.    G.     Studies   in   Galilee. 

Univ.  of  Chicago  Press,  1909.     $1.00. 
M.\thews,     Shailer.     History    of    the     New 

Testament  Times  in  Palestine.     (New  Testa- 
ment  Hand   Books.)     Macmillan.     $1.00. 
Mountford,  Mme.  L.  M.  VonF.     Jesus  Christ 

in    His    Homeland.     Jennings    &    Graham, 

191 1.     Si. 00. 
RiGGs,  James  S.     The  History  of  the  Jewish 

People:     Maccabean     and     Roman     Period. 

(Historical      Series     for     Bible     Students.) 

Scribncrs.     Si.25. 
Sanday,    W.,  and   Waterhouse,    p.     Sacred 

Sites   of  the   Gospels.     Oxford   Univ.    Press, 

1903.     $4.00. 
Schurer,    Emil.     a    History    of   the    Jeivish 

People    in    the    Time  of    Christ.     Scribncrs. 

Five  vols.     S8.00. 
Thompson,  William  M.     The  Land  and  the 

Book.      Harpers.      Three      vols.      Revised. 

$2.50  a  volume. 
Trumbull,    H.    Clay.     Studies    in    Oriental 

Social  Life.     The  Sunday  School  Times  Co. 

$1.50. 
Van  Dyke,  Henry.     Out  of  Doors  in  Pales- 
tine.    Scribncrs,  1908.     $1.50. 
Wilson,  C.  F.     Peasant  Life  in  the  Holy  Land. 

Dutton,  1906.     $3.50. 


HINTS  AS  TO   USEFUL   BOOKS 


V.   PERSON     AND     TEACHINGS    OF 
JESUS. 

BoARDMAN,  George  Dana.  The  Divine  Man. 
Appleton.     Si. 50. 

Bruce,  Alexander  B.  The  Parabolic  Teach- 
ing of  Christ.     Doran.     $2.00. 

The  Miraculous  Element  in  the  Gospels. 

Doran.     $2.00. 

The    Training   of  the    Twelve.     Doran. 

$2.00. 

DoDS,    Marcus.     The  Parables  of  our  Lord. 

Doran,  1883-85.     Two  vols.     $1.00  each. 
DuRELL,  J.  C.  V.     The  Self- Revelation  of  Our 

Lord.     Scribners,  1910.     $2.00. 
Forsyth,    P.    T.     The   Person   and   Place   of 

Christ.  .  Pilgrim  Press,  1910.     $1.50. 
Garvie,  Alfred  E.     Studies  in  the  Inner  Life 

of  Jesus.     Doran,  1907,  $1.75. 
GoEBEL,    S.     The   Parables    of  ^ Jesus.     Eng. 

Trans.     T.  &  T.  Clark,  1884.      6s. 
Hale,  Harris  G.     Who  Then  is  This  ?     Pil- 
grim Press,  1905. 
Harnack,  a.     The  Sayings  of  Jesus.     (Crown 

Theological  Library.)     Putnam,   1908. 
Hubbard,  G.   H.     The  Teaching  of  Jesus  in 

Parables.     The  Pilgrim  Press.     $1.25. 
Jefferson,    Charles    E.     The  Character    of 

Jesus.     Crowell,  1908.     $1.65. 
Kirtley,  J.  S.     The  Young  Christian  and  His 

Lord.     Amer.    Bapt.    Pub.    Soc,    1906.     60 

cents. 
Laidlaw,  John.     The  Miracles  of  Our  Lord. 

Funk  &  Wagnalls.     $1.75. 
Lamb,  F.  J.     Miracle    and    Science.     Biblio- 

theca  Sacra  Co.,  1909.     $1.50. 
Lang,    Cosmo    G.     The    Miracles    of    Jesus. 

Dutton,  1910.     $1.50. 
Lyttelton,  a.  T.     The  Place  of  Miracles  in 

Religion.     Murray,  1899.     55. 
Macfarland,     John     T.     Etchings     of     the 

Master.     Eaton  &  Mains,  1910.     $1.25. 
Matheson,  George.     Studies  of  the  Portrait 

of  Christ.     Doran,  1900.     Two  vols.     $1.35 

each. 
Morgan,  G.  Campbell.     The  Parables  of  the 

Kingdom.     Revell,  1907.     $1.00. 


Morgan,   G.    Campbell.     The   Crises   of  the 

Christ.     Revell,  1903.     $1.50. 
Pratt,    S.    W.     The    Deity   of   Jesus    Christ. 

The  Sunday  School  Times  Co.     50  cents. 
Reynolds,  J.  W.     The  Mvsterv  of  Miracles. 

S.  P.  C.  K,  1881.     45. 
Robertson,    A.    T.     Epochs    in    the    Life    of 

Jesus.     .Scribners.     $1.00. 
Selbie,   W.   B.     Life  and   Teaching  of  Jesus. 

(Century   Bible   Handbook.)     Doran,    1908. 

40  cents. 
Slattery,    Charles    L.     The    Master   of  the 

World;      A     Study    of    Christ.     Longmans, 

1908.     $1.50. 
Snowden,  James  H.     Scenes  and  Sayings  in 

the  Life  of  Christ.     Revell,  1903.     $1.50. 
Taylor,  William   M.     The  Miracles  of  Our 

Saviour.     Doran.     $1.00. 

The  Parables  of  Our  Saviour.     Doran. 

$1.00. 

Trench,  Richard  C.  Notes  on  the  Miracles 
of  Our  Lord.     Revell,  1874.     $1.25. 

Parables  of  Our  Lord.     Revell.     $1.25. 

Whyte,  Alexander.  The  Walk,  Conversa- 
tion and  Character  of  Jesus  Christ.  Revell, 
1905.     $1.50. 

VI.    CHRIST   IN   ART. 

Bayliss,  W.     Rex  Regum:     A  Painter's  Study 

of  the  Likeness  of  Christ  from  the  Time  of  the 

Apostles.     S.  P.  C.  K.,  1898.     75.  6d. 
Burns,   James.     The     Christ     Face    in     Art. 

Dutton,  1908.     $2.00. 
Farrar,  F.  W.     Life  of  Christ  as  Represented 

in  Art.     Macmillan,  1900.     $3.50. 
HURLL,  Estelle  M.     Life  of  Our  Lord  in  Art. 

Houghton,  Mifflin  Co.,  1898.     $3.00. 
Jameson,    Mrs.      History    of    Our    I^ord    as 

Exemplified   in    Works   of  Art.     Longmans. 

Two  vols.     $8.00. 
Johnson,  F.     Have  We  the  Likeness  of  Christ? 

Univ.  of  Chicago  Press,  1903.     50  cents. 
Tissot,  J.     The  Life  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ. 

Pres.  Board.     Four  vols.     $10.50. 
Van    Dyke,     Henry.     The    Christ-Child    in 

Art.     Harpers.     $4.00. 


A   CHRONOLOGICAL   OUTLINE 

OK 

THE   LIFE  OF  CHRIST 


The  Periods  into  which  the  Life  of  our  Lord  is  here  divided  correspond 
to  those  shown  upon  the  accompanying  colored  charts. 

I.   PRE-MINISTERIAL   PERIOD. 

From  Sept.  or  Oct.,  B.C.  6,  to  Baptism  of  Jesus,  Jan.,  A.D.  27. — About  31  ys.  3  mos. 

L  INTRODUCTORY.— From  .Sept.  or  Oct.,  B.C.  6,  to  Birth  of  Jesus,  Dec.  25,  B.C.  5.— About 
I  yr.  3  mos. 
LEADiNoFEATVRUi,.— Announcement  of  ilie  Coming  Messiah. — Birth  of  John  the  Baptist, 
and  Birth  of  Jesus  six  months  later. 

IL  CHILDHOOD.— From  Birth  of  Jesus,  Dec.  25,  B.C.  5,  to  the  Passover,  iMch.  29,  A.D.  9. 
— About  12  years. 
Le.\ding   Features. — The    Messiah    manifenled   to    Jeivs   and    Gentiles. — Retirement    at 
Nazareth. 

III.  YOUTH  AND  EARLY  MANHOOD.— From  Passover,  Mch.  29,  A.D.  9,  to  Baptism  of 
Jesus,  Jan.,  A.D.  27. — About  18  years. 
Leading    F"eatures. — Jesia    in    retirement  at  Nazareth. — No   record. — John    the  Baptist 
begins  his  ministry. 

II.   MINISTERIAL   PERIOD. 

From  Baptism  of  Jesus,  Jan.,  A.D.  27,  to  The  Ascension,  May  18,  A.D.  30. — 3  ys.  5  mos. 

I.  TIME  OF  PREPARATION.— From  Baptism  of  Jesus,  Jan.,  A.D.  27,  to  First  Passover, 
Apr.  11-18,  A.D.  27. — About  3    mos. 
Leading  Features. — Baptism  and  Temptation. — First  Disciples  and  First  Miracle. 

II.  EARLY  JUDEAN  MINISTRY.— From  First  Passover,  Apr.  11-18,  A.D.  27,  to  Departure 
for  Galilee,  Dec,  A.D.  27. — About  8  mos. 
Leading  Features. — The  Call  to  Repentance  and  Announcement  of  the  Kingdom. — Grow- 
ing Popularity  in  Judea. 

III.  GREAT  GALILEAN  MINISTRY.— From  Departure  for  Galilee,  Dec,  A.D.  27,  to  Final 

Departure  from  Galilee,  Nov.,  A.D.  29. — i  yr.  11  mos. 

1.  Time  of    External    Development. — From    Departure    for   Galilee,  Dec,  A.D.  27,  to 

Choosing  of  the  Twelve,  May,  A.D.  28. — About  5  mos. 
Leading  P'eatures. — First  Preaching  Tour  in  Galilee. — Call  of  the  Four  Fishermen  and 
Matthew. — -Attends  Passover. — -Growing  Popularity  in  Galilee. 

2.  Time  of  Internal  Development. — From  Choosing  of  the  Twelve,  May,  A.D.  28,  to 

Withdrawal  into  Northern  Galilee,  May,  A.D.  29. — Nearly  i  year 
Leading  Features. — Jesus  chooses  Ttvelve  Apostles,  to  whom  He  gradually  discloses  the 
principles  of  the  Kingdom. — Hostility  of  Jewish  religious  leaders  begins  and  increases. 
Jesus  frequently  retires  with  the  Twelve  into  less  hostile  regions. 

3.  Time  OF    Retirement.-— From    Withdrawal   into    Northern  Galilee,    May,  A.D.  29,  to 

Final  Departure  from  Galilee,  Nov.,  A.D.  29. — About  6  mos. 
Leading  Features. — Jesus  and   the  Twelve  most  of  time  in  retirement    beyond  Jordan. 
— Intimate  training    of  the   Twelve  into  the  real    meaning  of  His  Messiahship,  i.e., 
its  Redemptive  Power. 

IV.  PEREAN   MINISTRY.— From   Final   Departure  from   Galilee,   Nov.,  A.D.   29,  to  Entry 

into  Jerusalem,  Sunday,  Apr.  2,  A.D.  30. — .About  5  mos. 
Leading  Features. — Christ  makes  full  disclosure  of  Himself  to  the  Twelve  now  prepared 
for  it.     Enters  Jerusalem  publicly  proclaiming  His  Messiahship  and  Jewish  hostility 
culminates. 

V.  THE  PASSION  WEEK.— From    Entry    into   Jerusalem,  Sunday,    Apr.    2,    A.D.    30,    to 
Resurrection  Sunday,  Apr.  9,  A.D.  30. — 8  days. 

VI.    THE  RESURRECTION  PERIOD.— From  Resurrection,  Apr.  9,  A.D.  30,  to  The  A.scen- 
sion,  Thursday,  May  18,  A.D.  30. — 40  days. 

9 


10 


CHRONOLOGICAL  OUTLINE  OF 


I.   PRE-MINISTERIAL   PERIOD. 

From  Sept.  or  Oct.,  B.C.  6,  to  Baptism  of  Jesus,  Jan.,  A.D.  27. — About  31  ys.  3  mos. 
(See  Colored  Diagram  ONE.) 

This  Pre-ministerial  Period  naturally  falls  into  three  divisions  as  shown  on  this  and  the 

following  page. 

I.  INTRODUCTORY. 

From  Sept.  or  Oct.,  B.C.  6,  to  Birth  of  Jesus,  Dec.  25,  B.C.  5. — About  i  yr.  3  mos. 

Leading  Features. — Announcement  of  the  Coming  Messiah. — Birth  of  John  the  Baptist, 
and  Birth  of  Jesus  six  months  later. 


Chart 
No. 


Date 


B.C.  6 

Sept.  or 

Oct. 


Event  and  Place 


John's  Introduction, 
follows: — 


which  divides 


1.  The  Word  in  His  own  Nature  (vs.  1-5). 

2.  His  Revelation  to  men  and  rejection  by 
them  (vs.  6-13). 

3.  His  Revelation  of   the  Father   (vs.    14- 
18). — Plummer. 

—  Mark's   Introduction,   "The  begin- 
ning of  the  Gospel " 


—  Luke's   Introduction,   addressed   to 
Theophilus 


The  Two  Genealogies . 


Matthew  shows  Jesus  to  be  the  heir  of 
David  as  the  legal  Son  of  Joseph;  Luke 
fhows  Him  to  be  of  David's  seed  according 
to  the  flesh  by  His  birth  of  Mary. — See 
Andrews,  p.  65. 


Incidents  Preceding  the  Birth  of 

Christ. 
—  Annunciation  of  the  birth  of  John 
the  Baptist  to  Zacharias  by  the  Angel 
Gabriel.      Zacharias  stricken  dumb  on 
account  of  his  unbelief.     Jerusalem 


B.C.  5     —  Annunciation  of  the  birth  of  Jesu 

Mar.  25   to  Mar>',  six  months  later,  by  the  Angel 

Gabriel.     Nazareth " 


7  I  April 


June  24 


9t  July 


10 


Dec.  25 


Over  500  years  before  Gabriel  had  fore 
told  to  Daniel  the  time  of  the  Messiah 
(Daniel  8  :  16;  9  :  21-23). 

—  Mary  visits  Elizabeth  (the  wife  of 
Zacharias)  at  Hebron,  or  Juttah,  and 
remains  with  her  three  months,  return 
ing  to  Nazareth,  probably  before  the 
birth  of  John.  The  "Magnificat 
of  Mary 


—  Birth  of  John  the  Baptist,  and  the 
"Benedictus"  of  Zacharias,  who  now 
recovers  his  speech  .  .  . 

—  An   Angel   appears 
Nazareth 


to    Joseph    at 


—  Birth  of  Jesus,  at  Bethlehem, 
whither  Joseph  and  Mary  had  gone  to 
be  enrolled 


Matt. 


I :i-i7 


I  : 18-24 


I  :25 


Mark 


Luke 


I  :i-4 
3 : 23-28 


I  : 5-25 


I  : 26-38 


John 


I :i-i8 


: 39-56 


I  : 57-79 


2:1-7 


*  Beginning  with  5,  these  numbers  correspond  to  those  attached  to  the  events  upon  the  Colored  Charts.  N03. 
S  to  21  will  be  found  upon  Diagram  ONE,  Nos.  22  to  131  upon  the  large  Colored  Chart  at  end  of  Volume,  and 
Nos.  131  to  189  upon  Diagram  TWO. 

tSome  place  this  event  before  No.  7;  others  place  it  before  No.  8. 


THE   LIFE  OF   CHRIST 


11 


II.  CHILDHOOD  OF  JESUS. 

From   Birth  of  Jesus,  Dec.  25,  B.C.  5,  to  the  Passover,  Mar.  29,  A.D.  9. — About   12  years. 

Le.\ding    Fextv res. —The    Messiah   manifested   to   Jews   and   Gentiles. — Retirement   at 
Nazareth. 


Chart 
No. 

Date 

11 

B.C.  5 

Dec.25(?) 

12 

B.C.  4 
Jan.      I 

13 

Feb.     2 

14 

Feb. 

15 

16 

« 

17 

May  (?) 

18 

19 

A.D.  9 
Mar.  29 

Event  and  Place 

An  Angel  announces  to  shepherds 
in  the  fields  near  Bethlehem  the 
Birth  of  the  Messiah,  whom  they 
hasten  to  visit.  The  Song  of  the  Angels 

Circumcision  of  Jesus,  when  8  days 
old.     Bethlehem 


Presentation  of  Jesus  in  the  Temple 
forty  days  after  His  birth  (Lev.  12  : 
5-8).  Welcomed  by  Simeon  and  Anna. 
The  "Nunc  Dimittis"  of  Simeon 
The  Epiphany  to  the  Jews.  Return  to 
Bethlehem  


Matt.       Mark 


Luke 


John 


I  :25 


—  Visit  of  the  Magi,  or  "Wise  Men," 
from  the  East,  who  had  been  guided  by 
a  Star.  They  bring  rich  gifts.  The 
Epiphany  to  the  Gentiles.    Bethlehem. 

—  The  Flight  into  Egypt,  Joseph  hav- 
ing been  warned  of  God  in  a  dream  of 
the  enmity  of  Herod 


—  Herod's  Massacre  of  all  male  chil- 
dren, two  years  old  and  under,  at 
Bethlehem  (Jer.  31  :  15) 

—  The  Return  from  Egypt;  Joseph 
being  informed  in  a  dream  by  an  Angel 
of  the  death  of  Herod  shortly  before 
the  Passover,  April,  B.C.  4.  Learning 
that  .Archelaus,  son  of  Herod,  ruled  in 
his  stead,  Joseph  passed  through  Judea 
to  Nazareth,  which  he  made  his  per- 
manent abode  (Hosea  11  :  i) 


Jesus  as  a  Child  at  Nazareth. 


For  twelve  years  after  the  return  to  Naz- 
areth we  lose  sight  of  Jesus. 

—  Jesus,  aged  twelve,  goes  to  the 
Passover  with  His  parents.  He  is 
missed  by  them  as  they  are  returning 
home,  and  after  three  days  is  found  in 
the  Temple.     Jerusalem 


2:13-15 


2 : 19-23 


2 : 8-20 
2  -.21 

2 : 22-38 


2:39 
2  :40 


2:41-50 


III.  YOUTH  AND  EARLY  MANHOOD. 

From  Passover,  Mar.,  A.D.  9,  to  Baptism  of  Jesus,  Jan.,  A.D.  27. — About  18  years. 
Leading  Features. — Jesus  in  retirement  at  Nazareth. — No  record  given. 


21 


A.D.  26 
Summer 


Jesus  as  a  Youth  at  Nazareth  . 


This  brief  statement  by  Luke  is  the  only 
glimpse  given  of  this  period  of  18  years. 

—  The  Ministry  of  John  the  Bap- 
tist Begins 


About  six  months  before  the  close  of  this 
Period  and  the  Baptism  of  Jesus,  John  the 
Baptist  comes  forth  from  his  retirement  and 
begins  his  Ministry  in  the  Wilderness  of 
Judea.  This  was  in  the  15th  year  of  the 
reign  of  the  Roman  Emperor  Tiberius.  (See 
Diagram  ONE.) 


3 : I-I2 


2:51-52 


3:i-lJ 


12 


CHRONOLOGICAL   OUTLINE   OF 


II.   MINISTERIAL  PERIOD. 

From  Baptism  of  Jesus,  Jan.,  A.D.  27,  to  The  Ascension,  May  18,  A.D.  30. — About  3  yrs.  5  mos. 
(See  Large  Chart  at  end  of  volume.) 

This   period,    embracing    the    public    life  of    our   Lord,  is  conveniently  studied  under  six 
divisions,  as  outlined  in  the  following  pages.     (See  also  Outline  on  p.  9.) 

I.   TIME   OF   PREPARATION. 

From  Baptism  of  Jesus,  Jan.,  A.D.  27,  to  First  Passover,  Apr.   11-18,  A.D.  27. — 3  mos. 
Leading    Features. — The    Baptism    and    the    Temptation  of    Jesus.     First  Disciples  and 
First  Recorded  Miracle. 


"!!"'      Date 


Event  and  Place 


Matt. 


Mark 


Luke 


John 


24 


,  ImAxsarea- 

I 
2Z28         '''jix 

cJ   U  D    E  ^MtL^ru. 


A.D.  27   —THE  BAPTISM  OF  JESUS  in  the 
Jan.       river  Jordan,  at  Bethabara,  by  John 
the   Baptist,   to  whom   He  had  come 

from  Nazareth 3  :  13-17 

Feb., Mar.! — The  Temptation  of  Jesus,  in  the 
jWiLDERNESs  OF  JuDEA,  whither  He  had 
been  led  by  the  Spirit  and  where  He 
remains  forty  days 4  :  i-i  i 


March 


The  Three  Temptations  (Matthew's  order) 

1 .  To  command  stones  to  become  bread  to 
appease  His  hunger. 

Answer. — Man  shall  not  live  by  bread 
alone  (Deut.  8:3)- 

2.  To  test  God's  care  over  Him,  and  His 
own  Divinity  by  casting  Himself  from  a  pin- 
nacle of  the  Temple  (Ps.  01  :  ii). 

Answer. — Thou  shalt  not  tempt  the  Lord 
thy  God  (Deut.  6  :  16). 

3.  To  receive  earthly  dominion,  in  return 
for  homage  to  Satan. 

Answer. — Thou  shalt  worship  the  Lord 
thy  God,  and  Him  only  shalt  thou  serve 
(Deut.  6  :  13). 
— After  the  Temptation,  Jesus  returns 
to  the  Jordan,  but  just  before  that 
— John  the  Baptist  announces  himself 
as  the  forerunner  of  the  Messiah,  to  a 
deputation  of  priests  who  had  come 
from  Jerusalem  to  Bethabara.  The 
next  day,  seeing  Jesus  coming  to  him, 
John  proclaims  Him  as  the  Lamb  of 
God. 


I  :9-i: 


I  : 12, 13 


3  :  21,22 


4  : I-13 


Till-:    1. 1KB  OF   CHRIST 

13 

Chart 
Ho. 

Date 
A.D.  27 

Mar. 

Mar.. 
Apr. 

Event  anu  Pi,.\tii 

Matt. 

Mark 

Luke 

John 

First  Disciplks  of  Jesus.     The  day  fol- 
lowing   Jolin    repeats    this   testimony  to   his 
disciples,    and    two    of    them,    An'ijrew   and 
John,  follow  jesus    to   His    home.     Andrew 
finds  his  brother  Peter  and  brings  him    to 
Jes-is. 

The   ne.\t   dav   Jesus   departs   for   Galilee, 
and   meeting   Pmi.ii'.  a   native  like  Andrew 
and   Peter  of    Bethsaida,  bids  him  join  their 
company.     Philip  obeys,  and  finding   N.\TH- 
ANAEL,  a  native  of  Cana,  announces  that  he 
has  found  the  Messiah.     Nathanael  believes 

I  : 19-51 
2:1-11 

25 

—FIRST    MIRACLE.     Jesus    turns 
water  into  wine  at  a  marriage  at  Cana, 
of  Galilee,  and  "His  disciples  believed 

2« 

— Jesus  visits  Capernaum,  with  His 
mother  and  brothers.     Soon  after  He 
departs  for  the  Feast  at  Jerusalem 



2  •  12 

1 

II.   EARLY  JUDEAN   MINISTRY. 

From  First  Passover,  Apr.  11-18,  A.D.  27,  to  Departure  for  Galilee,  Dec,  A.D.  27. — 8  mos. 

Leading  Features. — The  Call  to  Repentance  and  A  nnouncement  of  the  Kingdom.     Grow- 
ing Popularity  in  Judea. 


27 


28 


29 


30 


31- 


32 


33 


A.D.  27 
Apr. 
11-18 


Summer 


Xov.  or 
Dec. 


— Jesus  Cleanses  the  Temple,  while 
attending  the  Passover,  by  casting  out 
the  traders.  The  Jews  demanding 
His  authority  for  so  doing.  He  replies 
in  a   parable.     He   performs   miracles 

and  many  believe  on  Him 

This  cleansing  of  the  Temple,  the  first  act 
in  our  Lord's  Judean  Ministry,  was  "the 
first  public  manifestation  of  Himself  before 
the  rulers  and  the  people." 

— First  Great  Discourse.  Nicode- 
MUS  visits  Jesus  at  night,  during  the 
Feast,  and  Jesus  explains  to  him   the 

nature  of  the  "  NEW  BIRTH" 

•This  secret  visit  would  seem  to  show  that 
already  there  existed  a  feelins  of  antipathy 
to  Jesus,  and  that  Nicodemus  felt  that  he' 
might  incur  some  odium  were  his  visit  made 
publicly. 

— After  this  interview  Jesus  departs 
to  northeastern  Judea,  where  He 
gains  converts,  whom  His  disciples 
baptize.     John   at    the   same   time   is 

baptizing  in  /Enon  near  to  Salim 

— John's  last  testimony  to  Christ. 
The  Pharisees  tell  John  at  /Enon  that 
Jesus  is  baptizing  more  converts  than 
he.  John  thereupon  declares  that  he! 
must  decrease,  but  that  the  Prophet  ofj 
Nazareth  muse  increase 1 


Dec 


The  Baptist  Imprisoned. 

— John  the  Baptist  is  imprisoned  in  the 
fortress  of  M.\ch^rus  (see  map)  by 
Herod  Antipas  (see  Herodian  Family, 

P-32) 

— Jesus  departs  for  Galilee,  upon  hear- 
ing of  John's  imprisonment,  and  passes 

through  Samaria 

— Second  Gre.at  Discourse.  Jesus 
talks  with  Samaritan  woman  at 
Jacob's  well,  near  Sychar,  upon 
"LIVING  W.ATER."  He  announces 
His  Messiahship  and  many  Samaritans 
believe.     Remains  there  two  days .... 


2  : 13-15 


3  : 22-24 


3  : 25-36 


14  :3-5    6  : 17-20    3  : 19, 201 


4:12 


4:14 


4  :  1-3 


4  : 4-42 


This  event  is  placed  by  Dr.  Andrews  just  before  No.  45. 


14 


CHRONOLOGICAL  OUTLINE  OF 


III.    GREAT   GALILEAN   MINISTRY. 

From  Departure  for  Cialilee,   Dec,  A.D.  27,  to  Final   Departure  from  Galilee,  Nov.,  A. D.  29. 

I  vr.  1 1  mos. 


Chart 
Ho. 


Date 


Event  and  Pl.\ce 


Matt.       Mark 


Luke  John 


34 


35 


W 


37 


38 


PALESTINE 

SHOWir/G 

EVENTS  34ro48 

WITH  JOliRNEVINGS 


':  36   /     I        '   V    - 

\       JVai>p»  I       I  ;  Gadara, 

\  GAL/I  LlEE 


i  'III  <  ^^""^f ' 

'^SAMA/klA 
fJoppa,\ 


Bel/ran. 

J"   U  D    E  A 


45-'  S    c'i 


A.D.  27 
Dec. 


A.D.  28 
Winter 


I.   TIME  OF  EXTERNAL  DEVEL- 
OPMENT. 

From  Dec,  A.D.  27,  to  May,  A.D.  28. 
— About  5  mos. 

Leading  Features. — First  Preach- 
ing Tour  in  Galilee.  Call  of  the  Four 
Fishermen  and  Matthew.  A  ttends  Pass- 
over.    Crowing  Popularity  in  Galilee. 

— Public  ministry  of  Jesus  in  Galilee 
begins.  He  is  welcomed  by  the 
Galileans,  on  account  of  the  signs 
(miracles)  he  had  performed  at  the 
Feast  in  Jerusalem.  His  disciples  go 
to  their  respective  homes 


—SECOND  GALILEAN  MIRACLE. 
At  Cana  He  heals  a  nobleman's  son 
who  is  sick  at  Capernaum 


— First  Rejection  at  Nazareth. 
Coming  to  His  own  city  of  Nazareth, 
He  teaches  in  the  synagogue  on  the 
Sabbath  day.  His  words  anger  the 
people,  who  threaten  His  destruction, 
but  He  preserves  His  life  by  a  miracle .  .  . 

— Jesus  departs  and  takes  up  His 
abode  at  Capernaum.  He  begins  to 
gather  about  Him  His  early  disciples. 

— The  Fishermen  Called.  Teaching 
the  people  on  the  shore  of  the  Sea  of 
Galilee,  the  pressure  of  the  multitude 
compels  Him  to  enter  the  fishing  boat 


17     I  :i4,  15    4  :  U, 15      4  :  43-45 


4  :13a 


4  : 13-16 


4  : 16-31 


4:31a 


4 : 46-54 


Dr.  Andrews  places  No.  34  and  Nos.  36  to  44  just  after  No.  4s. 


THE   LIFE  OF   CHR I  SI- 


IS 


Chart 
Ho. 


39 


40 


41 


43 


Date 


Event  and  Place 


A.D.  28  of  Peter.  Concluding  His  address,  He 
bade  Peter  let  down  his  net  into  the  sea, 
and  a  MIRA  CULOUS  DRA  UGIIT  OF 
FISHES  is  taken.  Thereupon  Peter, 
Andrew,  James  and  John,  leave  all 

and  follow  Him 

Winter  —DEMONIAC  HEALED  in  the 
synagogue  at  Capernaum  on  the 
Sabbath  day,  being  the  first  recorded 
miracle  performed  on  a  Sabbath  day.  .  . 

Amidst  the  awe  and  wonder  of  those 
assembled  Jesus  leaves  the  synagogue 
and  enters  the  house  of  Peter,  where 
— He  cures  Peter's  wife's  mother  of  a 
fever.  At  the  close  of  the  day.  He 
heals  matiy  who  are  sick  and  afflicted 
with  demons  (see  Isa.  53  :  4) 

Rising  early  the  next  morning  Jesus 
retires  to  a  solitary  place  to  pray.     He 

sought  by  the  disciples  who  tell  Him 
of  the  multitudes  who  are  waiting  for 
Him.  Jesus  replies  that  He  must 
preach  in  the  neighboring  towns,  and 
starts  on  His 

First  Preaching  Tour  in  Galilee. 

— Jesus  with  His  disciples  begins  a  tour, 
teaching  in  the  synagogues,  and  heal- 
ing all  manner  of  sickness 


Mar. 


This  quick  departure  from  Capernaum  was 
doubtless  due  to  Jesus'  knowledge  that  the 
readiness  of  the  people  "to  come  to  Him  as 
a  healer  of  the  sick,  did  not  prove  the 
possession  of  true  faith.  He.  therefore,  will 
leave  them  to  meditate  on  what  they  had  seen 
and  heard." 

— A  Leper  is  healed  in  Galilee. 
Returning  after  some  time  to  Caper- 
naum, the  crowds  begin  to  gather, 
bringing  their  sick,  whom  He  heals .  .  .  . 

Pharisaic  Criticism  Begins. 


Apr. 


9  -9 


— Jesus  heals  a  paralytic  borne  by  four 
men  to  the  house  in  which  He  is 
teaching.  Jesus  forgives  his  sins  and 
the  indignant  Pharisees  who  are 
present  consider  Him  a  blasphemer.  .  . 
Jesus  leaves  the  city  and  teaches  by 
the  Sea  of  Galilee.  Walking  on  the 
shore  He  sees 

— Matthew     (Levi)     .sitting     at     the 
receipt  of  custom,  who  at  the  call  of 

Jesus,  follows  Him 

— Jesus  at  Passover,  in  Jerusalem 
He  heals  an  infirm  man  at  Pool  of 
Bethesda  on  the  Sabbath  day.  This 
arouses  the  anger  of  the  Pharisees  who 
seek  to  kill  Him.  Returns  to  Galilee 
— Disciples  pluck  corn  on  a  Sabbath 
day,  and  a  second  Sabbath  contro- 
versy takes  place  with  the  Pharisees.  . 
— A  week  later  Jesus  heals  a  man  with 
withered  hand  on  the  Sabbath  day  in  a 
Galilean  village,  and  a  third  Sab- 
bath controversy  arises  with  the 
Pharisees,  who  conspire  against  Him.  .  12  :9-i4 
48*  May(?)  ; — .\t  the  Sea  of  G.\lilee,  whither  He 
withdraws,  Jesus  speaks  to  the  mul-! 
titude  from  a  boat.     Many  are  healed.  12  :  15-21 


Matt. 


Mark 


4 : 18-22    I  : 16-20 


I  : 21-28 


14-17    I  : 29-34 


4  : 23-25 


8:2-4 


I  : 35-39 


I  : 40-45 


13.14 


Luke 


John 


5:1-11 


4:31-37 


4:38-41 


5  : 12-16 


5  : 17-26 


5:27,28 


2  : 23-28'        6 : 1-5 


3  : 1-6      6 :6-ii 


3:7-12    6:17-19 


*  The  dates  of  Nos.  48  to  75  are  approximate  only. 


16 


CHRONOLOGICAL  OUTLINE  OF 


Chart 
Mo. 


Date 


Event  and  Place 


Matt. 


Mark 


49' 


50 

51 
52 

53 

54t 


II.   TIME  OF  INTERNAL  DEVEL- 
OPMENT. 

From  May,  A.D.  28,  to  Withdrawal 

to  Northern  Galilee,   May,  A.D. 

29. — Nearly  i  year, 

Leading  Features. — Jesus  chooses 
Twelve  Apostles,  to  whom  He  grad 
ually  discloses  the  Principles  of  the 
Kingdom.  Hostility  of  Jewish  religious 
leaders  begins  and  increases.  Jesus 
frequently  retires  with  the  Twelve  into 
less  hostile  regions. 

A.D.  28  : — Jesus  leaves  Capernaum,  and  after 

Early      spending  a  night  in  the  mountains  in 

summer   prayer,  calls  about  Him  His  disciples, 

and    from    them    selects    TWELVE 

lAPOSTLES,    whom    He    might    send 

forth  to  preach  (see  List,  p.  32) 

After  this  selection  Jesus  descended 
from  the  mountain  to  a  more  level 
place  and  delivered 

—THE  SERMON  ON  THE  MOUNT 
to   His  disciples  and   the  multitudes, 

on  the  Horns  of  Hattin  (?) 

— Returning  to  Capernaum,  He  heals 

the  Centurion's  servant 

— Soon  after  He  raises  the  Widow's 
Soti  at  N.-VTN,  and  continues  His 
ministry  in  the  surrounding  regions.  .  . 
— Messengers  from  John  the  Baptist 
come  to  Jesus,  asking.  "Art  Thou  he 
that  should  come,  or  do  we  look  for 
another?"  Jesus'  testimony  to  John. 
— Discourse  of  Jesus,  at  Capernaum 
(?),  about  His  Mighty  Works;  He 
upbraids  the  cities  in  which  they  were 
performed 


10  :2-4 


5:1-8:1 
8  : 5-13 


2-19 


II  : 20-30 


Luke 


John 


3  :  13-19 


6  : 12-16 


6  : 20-49 
7  : i-io 

7  :ii-i7 
7  : 18-35 


*  The  dates  of  Nos.  40  to  75  are  approximate  only, 
t  This  is  placed  by  some  in  connection  with  No.  100. 


THE  LIFE  OF   CHRIST 


17 


Chart 
Ho. 


55 


5(5 


58 


59 


60 


61 


62 


6.3 


64 


65 


Date 


A.D.  28 
Summer 


Autumn 


(same 
day) 


Autumn 


Event  and  Place 


— Dines  with  Simon,  a  Pharisee,  and 
is  anointed  by  a  woman  "who  is  a 
sinner."  Capernaum  (?).  Simon 
complains  and  Jesus  speaks  the  Para- 
ble of  The  Two  Debtors,  the  first 
recorded  parable  independent  of  a 
discourse 


Second  Preaching  Tour  in  Galilee. 

— Jesus  and  His  disciples  make  a 
second  tour  of  the  cities  and  villages.  . 

— Returning  to  Capernaum,  He  heals 
a  demoniac.  The  Pharisees  claim  that 
He  casts  out  devils  through  BeelzebuD 
the  prince  of  the  devils 


— Scribes  and   Pharisees  seek  a  sign 
from  Jesus.     Capernaum 


— His  mother  and  brothers  seek  Him; 
Jesus  describes  His  true  kindred. 
Gai.ilee 


— Jesus  denounces  the  Pharisees  who 
wonder  that  He  does  not  wash  before 
eating 


— Discourse     to 
Hypocrisy,   with 
Covetousness,    and 
earthly  things 


the     disciples,     on 

a    warning   against 

anxiety    about 


-Parable  of  the  Barren  Fig  Tree  . 


Parables  by  the  Sea  of  Galilee. 

— At  the  seaside,  on  account  of  the 
multitude,  Jesus  enters  a  boat  and 
teaches;  speaking  the  Parable  of 
THE  Sower 


— Also  the  Parable  of  the  Tares;  the 
Seed  Growing  Secretly;  the  Mus- 
tard Seed;  the  Leaven;  the  Hidden 
Treasure;  the  Merchant  and  the 
Pearl;  and  the  Drag  Net 


Jesus  Crosses  the  Sea. 

—Late  in  the  evening  Jesus  starts 
with  His  disciples  to  cross  to  the 
eastern  shore  of  the  Lake.  Wearied  by 
His  labor.  He  falls  asleep,  but  daring 
the  night  is  awakened  bv  His  disciples 
and  STILLS  THE  TEMPEST  which 
had  suddenly  arisen 


— On  the  EASTERN  shore  in  the  coun- 
try of  the  Gadarenes  He  heals  two 
demoniacs.  The  demons  are  per- 
mitted to  enter  into  a  herd  of  swine 
which  is  destroyed  in  the  Lake 


The  people  of  Gadara  beseech  Jesus 
to  depart  from  their  borders,  and 
recrossing  the  Sea 


Matt. 


12  : 22-37 
12:38-45 

12  : 46-50 


Mark    I    Luke 


3  : 20-30 


7  : 36-50 


8:1-3 


13  : 1-23 


13  :24-53 


8 : 18-27 


8  : 28-34 


3  :  31-35 


4  : 1-25 


4  : 26-34 


4:35-41 


5  : 1-20 


11:14.15; 
17-23 


II  :i6, 
24-26, 
29-36 


8  : 19-21 


I  : 37-54 


12  : 1-59 
13  :6-9 


3  : 18-21 


8  : 22-25 


: 26-39 


*  The  arrangement  of  Nos.  57  to  62  assumes  that  the  miracle  recorded  in  Luke  is  identical  with  that  in  Matt, 
and  Mark,  and  that  the  events  in  Luke  11  :  16  to  13  :  9  immediately  followed.  Others  believing  the  miracle  not 
to  be  the  same  place  all  these  chapters  of  Luke  in  the  later  Perean  ministry. 


18 


CHRONOLOGICAL  OUTLINE   OF 


Chart 
No. 


Date 


Event  and  Place 


Matt. 


Mark 


72 


73 


Luke 


John 


A.D.  28 
Autumn 


He  is  welcomed  by  a  multitude  on 
reaching  Capernaum 


— Feast  of  Matthew  (Levi)  in  honor 
of  Jesus,  at  Capernaum 


A.D.  29 
Winter 


Discourse  on  Fasting,  in  reply  to  an 
inquiry  by  John's  disciples 


—RAISING  OF  JAIRUS'  DAUGH- 
TER, at  Capernaum 


While  Jesus  is  going  to  the  house  of 
Jairus  accompanied  by  an  eager 
crowd,  a  woman  with  an  issue  of  blood 
presses  through  the  crowd  to  touch  the 
hem  of  His  garment  and  is  made  whole. 

— Jesus  heals  tivo  blind  men,  who  cry 
out  to  Him.  Upon  a  profession  of  their 
faith  in  His  power  to  heal  them,  Jesus 
touches  their  eyes,  saying.  According  to 
your  faith  be  it  done  unto  you,  and 
their  eyes  are  opened.     Capernaum  (?~ 

— Heals  also  a  dumb  demoniac  who  is 
brought  to  Him.  The  multitudes 
marvel,  but  the  Pharisees  say,  "  By 
the  prince  of  the  devils  casteth  He  out 
devils." 


9:l|         5:21 

9  :9-i3j  2  :  13-17 

9  : 14-17  2  : 18-22 

9  : 18-26  5  : 22-43 

9  : 20-22  5  : 25-34 


9:27-31 


9:32-34 


8  :40 
5  : 27-32 
5  : 33-39 
8  : 41-56 

8:43-48 


Second    Rejection    at    Nazareth. 

— Soon  afterward  Jesus  leaves  Caper- 
naum and  comes  to  Nazareth.  He 
appears  in  the  synagogue  on  the 
Sabbath  day;  but  "they  were  offended 
in  Him,"  saying,  "Is  not  this  the 
carpenter?  "  He  does  not  many  mighty 
works  there  because  of  their  unbelief 
at  which  He  marvels 


13:54-58        6:1-6 


THE   LIFE  OF   CHRIST 


19 


Chart 
No. 


Date 


A.D  29 
Winter 


80^ 


81 


82 


Mar.  or 
Apr. 


Apr. 


Third  Preaching  Tour  in  Galilee. 

Jesus  with  His  disciples  continues 
His  third  preachini?  tour  in  Galilee.  . 

Moved  with  compassion  for  the  shep- 
herdlcss  throngs  that  surround  Him, 
Jesus  calls  unto  Him  and  sends  forth 
His  Twelve  Disciples,  two  by  two, 
to  preach  and  to  heal 

John  the  Baptist  is  beheaded  by 
Herod  Antipas  in  the  castle  of  Mach- 
iERUS 

The  return  of  the  Twelve,  with  whom 
Jesus  upon  hearing  of  the  death  of 
John  crosses  the  Sea  to  Bethsaida, 
still  followed  by  multitudes 

Jesus  FEEDS  FIVE  THOUSAND 
near  Bethsaida,  with  five  loaves  and 
two  fishes.  Twelve  baskets  full  re- 
main. The  People  desire  to  make 
Him  King  and  He  reaches  the  acme 
OF  His  popularity 

After  sending  the  multitude  away. 
He  directs  the  disciples  to  recross 
THE  Sea,  while  He  went  up  into  a 
mountain  to  pray.  Early  the  next 
morning 

Jesus,  walking  upon  the  Sea,  rejoins 
the  disciples  who  are  rowing  against  a 
heavy  sea.  Landing  at  Gennesaret 
he  heals  many  sick,  and  reaching 
Capernaum  He  finds  a  multitude  who 
had  followed  Him  across  the  Sea 


Event  and  Place 


The  Great  Defection. 

Making  no  direct  answer  to  the  eager 
question  of  the  multitude,  how  He  had 
crossed  the  Sea,  Jesus  tells  them  that 
they  seek  Him  because  they  had  eaten 
of  the  loaves  and  were  filled.  He  then 
delivers  His  great  discourse  on  THE 
BREAD  OF  LIFE.  It  offends  many 
OF  His  disciples  who  now  forsake 
Him,  and  from  this  time  His  popu- 
larity declines. 

Peter's  Affirmation  of  Faith. 

Seeing  the  effect  of  His  solemn  words 
upon  many  of  His  followers,  Jesus  turns 
to  the  Twelve  and  inquires  whether 
they  too  were  to  leave  Him.  Peter 
speaking  for  the  others  at  once  replied, 
"  Lord,  to  whom  shall  we  go  ?  Thou 
hast  the  words  of  eternal  life  " 


Matt. 


Mark 


9  : 35  6  : 6b 


Luke 


9:36-     6:6-13 
II  :  I 


14  : I-I2 


9  :  1-6 
6:14-29        9:7-9 


14  :i3    6  :30,3i  9  :  10 


14  : 14-21 


14  : 22-36 


Reports  of  the  great  miracle  of  feeding  the 
five  thousand  and  its  effect  upon  the  people 
were  doubtless  carried  to  Jerusalem  by  pil- 
grims who  had  gone  up  to  the  Feast.  (Notice 
on  chart  that  this  miracle  was  performed 
about  the  time  of  the  Passover.  April.  A.D. 
2<>.)  This  brought  a  new  delegation  of  Scribes 
and  Pharisees  from  Jerusalem  intent  upon 
devising  means  to  counteract  His  influence. 
Seizing  every  opportunity  to  accuse  Hini  they 
complain  that  some  of 

— His  disciples  ate  bread  with  un- 
washed hands.  This  brings  forth  a 
severe    reply    from    Jesus    who    now 

OPENLY  addresses  THE  PHARISEES  AS 

HYPOCRITES.     Capernaum 


15  : 1-20 


6  : 32-44 


6  : 45-56 


9  :II-I7 


7  ••  1-23 


John 


6 :2-l5 


6 : 16-21 


*  Dates  from  No.  80  to  near  No. 
83.  91   and  that  of  the   Passover. 


[30  are  approximate,  except  for  those  indicating  the  Jewish   Feasts.  Nos. 


Chtrt 
Ho. 


Date 


CHRONOLOGICAL  OUTLINE  OF 
I    Matt, 


Event  and  Place 


Mark 


Luke 


John 


83 


84 


85 


86 


87 


A.D.  29 
Summer 


III.   TIME  OF  RETIREMENT. 

From  May,  A.D.  29,  to  Final  Depar- 
ture from  Galilee,  Nov.,  A.D.  29. — 
About  6  mos. 

Leading  Features. — Jesus  with  the 
Twelve  mostly  in  retirement  beyond 
Jordan.  Intimate  training  of  the  Twelve 
into  the  real  meaning  of  His  Messiah- 
ship,  i.e.,  its  Redemptive  Power. 

To  find  the  rest  and  seclusion  which 
He  had  vainly  sought  on  the  eastern 
shore  of  the  Lake  and  to  escape  the 
increasing  hostility  of  the  Pharisees 
— Jesus  retires  to  the  borders  of  Tyre 
and  SiDON.  But  He  could  not  be  hid. 
After  a  test  of  her  faith.  He  heals  the 
daughter  of  a  Syrophoenician  woman 
— He  returns  to  the  eastern  side  of 
the  Lake,  and  passes  through  Decapo 
lis,  where  He  heals  a  deaf  and  dumb 

man,  and  many  others 

— The  multitudes  again  gather  and 
Jesus  FEEDS  FOUR  THOUSAND 
with  seven  loaves  and  a  "few  small 
fishes."  Seven  baskets  of  fragments 
remain.  He  sends  the  multitude  away, 
and  returns  across  the  Lake  to  Caper- 
naum by  the  way  of  Magdala 

The  waiting  Pharisees  again  seek  a 
sign.  He  replies  that  no  sign  will  be 
given  but  the  sign  of  the  prophet 
Jonah.  Leaving  them  He  again  re- 
crosses  to  the  eastern  shore  of 
THE  Lake 


— The  disciples  forgetting  to  take 
bread,  Jesus  warns  them  against  the 
leaven  of  the  Pharisees 


[5:21-28 


15:29-31 


5:32-38 


15 :39- 
16  :4 


16  :5-i2 


7  : 24-30 


7  : 31-37 


8  :  1-9 


8  : 10-13 


8  : 14-21 


THE  LIFE  OF   CHRIST 


21 


Chart 
No. 


89 


90 


91 


92 


Date 


A.D.  29 
Summer 


96 1 

97 
98 


•Arriving  at  Bethsaida  Jesus  heals 

blind  man,  whom  He  commands  to 

go  directly  home.       From  Bethsaida 

Jesus  and  His  disciples  go  northward 

toward  C/Esarea  Philippi 


Event  and  Place 


Near  there  and  in  reply  to  a  ques- 
tion from  the  Master  Peter  confesses 
that  Jesus  is  "the  Christ,  the  Son  of 
the  living  God  " 


Teaching  of  Jesus  to  His  Disciples 
Now  Assumes  a  New  Character. 

Jesus  begins  to  show  His  disciples 
that  He  must  be  put  to  death  by  the 
Jews  and  be  raised  again  the  third 
day.  Peter  remonstrates  and  is  re- 
buked  


To  offset  the  sad  announcement  of  H 
impending  death,  He  tells  them  of  a  time 
when  He  would  return,  bringing  with  Him 
rewards  for  each  faithful  one.  That  this 
should  not  be  interpreted  in  an  earthly 
sense.  He  gave  them  a  glimpse  of  the  more 
glorious  character  of  the  coming  kingdom 
by 

—THE  TRANSFIGURATION.  Jesus 
takes  Peter,  James  and  John  into  a 
high  mountain  (probably  a  summit  of 
Mt.  Hermon)  and  is  transfigured 
before  them 


— Descending  from  the  mountain  the 
disciples  are  found   surrounded   by 
multitude,  and  Jesus  heals  a  demoniac 
boy,    whom    the    disciples    had    been 

unable  to  cure 

Crossing  the  Jordan  near  its  source 
He  enters  northern  Galilee,  where 

— Jesus  agains  foretells  His  death  and 
resurrection.  They  do  not  yet  under- 
stand Him,  but  are  afraid  to  ask 
After  spending  some  time  in  the  more 
retired  parts  of  Galilee,  Jesus  again 
returns  to  Capernaum 


94      Sept.  (?) 


95 


Oct. 
ii-i{ 


— In  order  to  pay  the  yearly  temple 
tax,  Peter  is  sent  to  the  Sea  and  finds 
the  tribute  money  in  the  mouth  of  a  fish 

— The  disciples  contending  as  to  which 
of  them  should  be  greatest,  Jesus 
discourses  to  them,  on  Humility,  For 
BEARANCE,  and  Brotherly  Love 
Parable  of  the  Unmerciful  Serv 

ant 


— Leaving  Capernaum  secretly,  Jesus 
goes  to  the  Feast  of  Tabernacles,  at 
Jerus.'VLEM.  Teaching  in  the  Temple, 
His  enemies  seek  to  arrest  Him 


( — A    Woman    taken    in    adultery    is 
brought  to  Him.) 


— Discourses  on  the  Light  of  the 
World  and  on  Spiritual  Freedom. 
After  the  Feast  Jesus  returns  to 
Galilee 


Matt. 


1 6  : 13-20 


16  : 21-28 


17  :i-i3 


Mark 


8 : 22-26 


Luke 


John 


8  : 27-30    9  : 18-21 


8:31- 
9:1 


9:2-13 


17  : 14-20    9  : 14-29 


17  : 22-23 


[7  -.24-27 


18:1-35 


9  : 30-32 


9  :  33a 


9  : 33-50 


9  : 22-27 


9  : 28-36 


9  :  37-43 


9  : 43-45 


9  : 46-50 


7  : 1-52 


7  :  53-8  :  4 


8  : 12-59 


*  Dr.  Andrews  places  No.  88  immediately  before  96.  This  arrangement  would  place  Nos.  96  to  98  and  103 
before  No.  89.  and  Nos.  89  to  95  much  later. 

t  The  order  of  Nos.  96  to  118.  events  mainly  from  Luke  and  John,  follow  the  order  of  Luke's  narrative,  but 
the  chronological  arrangement  presents  many  difficulties. 


22 


CHRONOLOGICAL  OUTLINE   OF 


IV.    PEREAN   MINISTRY. 

From  the  Final  Departure  from  Galilee,  Nov.,  A.D.  29,  to  The  Entry  into  Jerusalem,  Apr.  2, 
A.D.  30. — About  5  mos. 

Leading  Features. — Christ  makes  a  full  disclosure  of  Himself  to  His  disciples,  now  pre- 
pared for  it.  He  enters  Jerusalem  publicly  proclaiming  His  Messiahship,  ayid  Jewish  hostility 
culminates. 


Date 


Event  and  Place 


Matt.       Mark 


Luke 


CENTRAL  JUDEA 

Sf/OlV/NG 

PRINCIPAL  ROADS=-== 


^;         "■'^^^'^^:F^^iwM 


99     A.D.  29 

Nov. 


100 


THE  FINAL  APPEAL.  During  His  Gali- 
lean ministry  Jesus  had  not  publicly  declared 
Himself  to  be  the  Messiah,  He  left  that  to 
be  inferred  from  His  works  and  His  teaching. 
But  the  more  searching  and  spiritual  character! 
of  His  later  discourses,  the  increasing  disap-j 
pointment  of  many  of  His  followers  who 
looked  for  mere  earthly  success,  and  the; 
opposition  created  through  the  virulent  propa-i 
ganda  of  His  Pharisaical  enemies,  were  having^ 
their  effect,  and  the  great  crowds  began  to; 
diminish. 

The  time  had  now  come  for  a  public  declara-l 
tion  of  His  Messiahship,  that  all  might  know 
He  was  the  promised  Christ,  and  if  rejected, 
be  rejected  as  such.  This  characterized  the 
final  journey  of  our  Lord  to  Jerusalem. 


Final  Departure  from  Galilee. 

— Jesus  now  sets  His  face  to  go  to 
Jerusalem,  knowing  that  the  time  is 
approaching  when  He  should  be 
received  up.  Passing  through  the 
borders  of  Samaria,  He  is  rejected  by} 
the  inhabitants.  A  man  proposes  to 
follow  Him;    another  called  to  follow 

excuses  Himself ■ 

I 
— The  Mission  of  the  Seventy.! 
Jesus  on  the  borders  of  Perea  (?)| 
sends  seventy  of  His  disciples  in  twosj 
"before  His  face"  to  proclaim  to  the 
people  His  Messianic  claims  and  to 
heal.  He  explicitly  instructs  them. 
They  subsequently  return  and  tell  of| 
their  work 


19  : 1-2 


John 


0:1    9:51-56 


10  : 1-24 


THE   LIFE   OF    CHRIST 


23 


Chart 
No. 


101 


102 


103 
104 
105 


100 
107 

108 

109 


110 


111 


Date 


A.D.  29 
Nov. 


Dec. 


Event  and  Place 


Matt. 


A.D. 

Jan 


112 
113 

lU  ; 

115  I 


Feb. 


— Parable  ok  the  Good  Samaritan,! 
spoken  in  reply  to  a  lawyer  in  1'erea! 
who  had  asked,  "Who  is  my  neighbor?"! 
He  also  gives  a  form  of  prayer  at  the 
request  of  a  disciple,  and  speaks  of  the 
right  use  of  prayer I 


Mark 


Luke 


John 


10  : 25-37 


— Jesus  visits   Martha  and   Mary  ati 

Bethany.        Mary  sits  at   His  feet;l 

Martha     is     cumbered     about     much,  1 

serving I 10  :  38-42 


30 


At  Feast  of  Dedication,  Dec.  20-27 
(.Jerusalem). 

— He  heals  a  man  born  blind  whom  He 
bids  go  wash  in  the  Pool  of  Siloam 

— Discourse  on  The  Good  Shepherd, 
in  Jerusalem 

— The  Jews  demand  of  Jesus,  "If  thou! 
art  the  Christ  tell  us  plainly."  Hei 
refers  to  His  works  and  the  Jews' 
threaten  to  stone  Him  for  blasphemy.! 
He  therefore  departs  beyond  Jordan, 
where  many  resort  to  Him,  and  believe 

— Discourse  on  Prayer.  The  Lord's 
Prayer  given  in  briefer  form.     Perea.  J 

— Jesus  heals  an  infirm  woman  on  a! 
Sabbath  day  and  the  ruler  of  the 
synagogue  complains.     Perea I 

— Parable  of  The  Mustard  Seed  and 
The  Leaven,  to  which  He  compares 
the  Kingdom  of  God.     Perea ' 


9  : 1-4I 


10  : 22-42 


II  :  I-13 


j — Journeying  toward  Jerusalem,  Jesus 
teaches  in  the  cities  and  villages  of 
Perea.  One  asks  Him,  Lord,  are 
Ithere  few  that  be  saved?  His  discourse 
in  reply,  also  His  reply  to  a  warning 
against  Herod 

— Jesus  dines  with  a  chief  Pharisee  on 
•a  Sabbath  day,  and  heals  a  man  who 
had  dropsy.     Perea j 


13  :  10-17 


13  : 18-21 


13  : 22-35 


14  : 1-24 


— Discourses  on  Counting  the  Cost, 
and  upon  what  is  required  of  true 
disciples  to  the  multitude  who  are 
following  Him.     Perea 

In  Perea,  publicans  and  sinners 
are  drawing  near  to  hear  Him, 
whereat  the  Pharisees  murmur,  saying,' 
"This  man  receiveth  sinners  and  eateth 
with  them."     To  them  Jesus  speaks:    j 

— Three  Parables  of  Gr.\ce:  (i) 
The  Lost  Sheep;  (2)  The  Lost  Piece 
of  Money,  and  (3)  The  Prodigal  Son.  . 

— Also  Two  Parables  of  Warning: 
(i)  The  Unjust  Steward;  (2)  Rich 
Man  and  Lazarus 


;i4:  25-35 


— Discourse  to  disciples  on  Forgive- 
ness, Humility,  and  Faith.     Perea. 

—RAISING  OF  LAZARUS,  at 
Bethany.  W^hile  in  Perea,  Jesus  learns 
of  the  illness  of  Lazarus  through  mes-, 
sengers  from  his  sisters,  but  delays  for| 
two  days  His  departure  for  Bethany .  .  . ! 


15  :  1-32 

16  : I-31 

17  : l-io 


II  :i-45 


24 


116 


CHROXOLOGICAL   OUTLINK   OF 


Date 

\.I).  30 

Feb. 


117 


118 

119 

120 

121 

122 
12:i 


124 

125 
126 

127 

128 

129 
130 


Mar. 


End  of 
Mar. 


Event  and  Place 

— As  a  result  of  this  great  miracle 
nian\'  Jews  believe  on  Him,  but  some 
report  it  to  the  Pharisees.  A  council 
is  called  and  Caiaphas  the  High  Priest 
advises  that  Jesus  be  put  to  death. 
Jesus  thereupon  withdraws  to  a  city 
called  Ephr.mm,  where  He  remains 
with  His  disciples  till  near  the  time  of 
the  Passover 


The  Last  Journey  to  Jerusalem. 

Departing  again  for  Jerusalem, 
Jesus  passes  through  "the  midst  of 
Samaria  and  Galilee."  As  He  is  enter- 
ing a  certain  village.  He  meets  and 
HEALS  TEN  LEPERS,  of  whom 
only  one,  a  Samaritan,  returns  to 
give  Him  thanks 

Answering  a  Pharisee,  He  dis- 
courses on  The  Sudden  Coming  of 
the  Kingdom,  and  utters  a  number  of 
Parables.     Perea 


Friday 

A.M. 

Mar.     31 

Friday 

P.M. 


Matt. 


—Parable    of    the     Importunate 

Widow.     Perea 

— Parable  of  the  Pharisee  and  the 

Publican.     Perea 

— Discourse  on  Divorce  in  reply  to 
Pharisees  tempting  Him.  Perea.  . 
— Christ  blesses  little  children.  Perea. 
— A  rich  young  ruler  goes  away  sorrow- 
ful when  told  by  the  Master  to  sell  all 
that  he  has  and  follow  Him,  to  inherit 
eternal  life.  Peter  says  to  Jesus 
"Behold  we  have  forsaken  all  and 
followed  thee,"  and  Jesus  tells  them 
of  the  reward  that  shall  be  given  to  the 
faithful 

The   Parable  of   the  Laborers   in 
the  Vineyard 

Nearing  the  borders  of  Judea  Jesus 

takes  the  Twelve  apart  and 

-Again   foretells    His   death,   to   the 

amazed  and  fearful  company  who  fail 

to  comprehend  Him.     Perea 

— James  and  John  request  the  two 
seats  of  honor  in  His  Kingdom.  This 
request,  which  excites  the  indignation 
of  the  other  disciples,  Jesus  denies. 
Perea 


Jesus  approaches  Jericho,  in  com- 
pany with  pilgrims  going  up  to  the 
Feast,  and  HEALS  TWO  BLIND 
BEGGARS   who   salute    Him   as    the 

Son  of  David 

Entering  Jericho,  He  meets  Zac- 
chccus,  a  publican,  and  goes  to  his 
house  to  spend  the  night.     The  Jews 

complain 

—Next  morning  on  departing  Jesus 
peaks  to  the  people  the  Parable  of 

THE  Pounds 

— Arriving  at  Bethany,  Jesus  remains 
there  for  the  night.  The  next  day 
Simon  the  leper  makes  Him  a  supper 
at  which  Lazarus,  Martha,  and  Mary 
are  guests.     He  is  anointed  by  Mary .  . 


19  :3-i2 
19  :  13-15 


19  : 16-30 
20  : 1-16 


20  :  17-19 


20  : 20-28 


20  : 29-34 


26:6-13 


Mark 


10  :2-i2 
10  : 13-16 


ID  : 17-31 


10  : 32-34 


10:35-45 


ID  : 46-52 


14:3-9 


Luke 


John 


1 1  :  45-54 


17  :li-l9!. 


18 


20-37 

I 
I 
:l-8j 

9-14 


18:15-17, 


18  : 18-20 


8:31-34 


18  : 35-43 


19 


19  : 11-28 


II  :  5  to 
12  :  II 


THE   LIFE   or    CHRIST 


V.  THE  PASSION  WEEK. 

From  The  Entry  into  Jerusalem,  Sunday,  April  2,  A.D.  30,  to  The  Resurrection  Sunday, 

April  9,  A.D.  30. — 8  days. 

(See  Colored  Diagram  TWO.) 


131 


Event  .\nd  Place 


JERUSALEM 

^A'?VI  CI  N  I  TY  -^ 
SUNDAY.  MONDAYS  TUESDAY 


%:        \ 


§^-$^ 


•N>  "  poo/.  ^    -;  V 


\\\ull/A 


.^#"^itv 


A.D.  30 

Sunday 
April  2 


The  Public  Entry  into  Jerusa 
LEM.  Leaving  Bethany,  Jesus  sends  to 
a  near-by  village  for  an  ass  upon  which 
to  ride  into  the  city  (Zech.  9:9). 
Reaching  the  Mt.  of  Olives,  He  beholds 
the  city  and  weeps  over  it.  Amid  the 
shouts  of  the  people  who  are  following 
He  enters  the  city.  He  visits  the 
Temple,  and  afterwards  returns  with 
the  Twelve  to  Bethany 


132     Monday 
April  3 


133 


134 


135 


i  Tuesday 
April  4 


137 


138 


— In  the  morning,  when  returning  to 
the  city,  lie.  curses  a  fig  tree  upon  which 
He  finds  no  fruit 


Matt. 


Mark 


Luke 


John 


19  :  29-44   12  :  12-19 


21  :  18,  1911  :  12-14 


— He  enters  the  Temple  and  drives  out 
the  traders.  The  blind  and  lame  conic 
to  Him  in  the  Temple  and  are  healed, 
amid  the  Hosannas  of  the  children,  of 
which  the  Pharisees  complain.  Re-{ 
turns  in  the  evening  to  Bethany 21  :  12-17  11  :  ^S~^9 

— Returning  to  the  city  in  the  morningi 
the  disciples  find  the  fig  tree  witheredi 
away.     Discourseof  Jesus  ON  Faith.  .  .  21 

— As  Jesus  is  entering  the  Temple  the 
Pharisees  challenge  His  authority.  He 
asks  them  a  question  respecting  John's 
baptism,  and  adds  the  following 
parables 21  :  23-27 


Three  Parables  of  Warning: 
— (i)  Parable  of  the  Two  Sons.     In 

Te.mple 

— (2)  Parable   of   the   Wicked   Hus- 
bandmen  

The  Pharisees  now  seek  His  arrest, 
but  fear  the  people.     Jesus  adds  the 
— (3)  Parable  of  the  Marriage  ok  the 
King's  Son 


21  : 28-32 
21  :33-4fi 


II  : 27-33 


19  :  45-48 


20  :  1-8 


20  :9-i9 


26 


CHRONOLOGICAL  OUTLINE  OF 


Chart 
No. 


139 
140 

in 

142 
143 


144 
145 


Date 


A.D.  30 
Tuesday 
April  4 


Tuesday 
evening 


Event  and  Place 


146 


147 


Wed. 
April  5 


148    Thursday 
April  6 


149*  Thursday 
evening 


150 
151 
152 


Three  Questions  by  Jewish 
Rulers  who  wish  to  "ensnare  Him  in 
His  words": 

— (i)  About  tribute  to  Caesar,  (2)  the 
Resurrection,  and  (3)  the  Great  Com- 
mandment.    In  Temple 

— Our  Lord's  Unanswerable  Question 
about  the  Christ 

Then  addressing  the  people  in  the 
Temple, 
— Christ  denounces  the  hypocrisy  of 

the  Scribes  and  Pharisees 

— The  POOR  WIDOW  WHO  casts  two 
mites    into    the    treasury    He    extols. 

Court  of  Women 

— Certain  Greeks  seeking  to  see  Jesus, 
He  speaks  again  of  His  own  death  and 
coming  glory.  His  prayer  and  the 
Father's   answer   which    the    disciples 

hear.    Court  of  Gentiles 

— Jesus'  reflection  on  the  unbelief  of 

the  Jews 

— As  He  leaves  the  Temple  for  the  last 
time,  the  disciples  call  His  attention  to 
its  wonderful  construction.  He  pre- 
dicts its  destruction.  Ascending  the 
Mount  of  Olives,  He  sits  down  and 
foretells  to  Peter,  James,  John  and 
Andrew  the  course  of  events  until  His 
return.  Adds  the  Parables  of  the  Fig 
Tree    and    of     the     Householder 

WATCHING 

— Jesus  continues  His  discourse;  Para- 
bles of  the  Ten  Virgins,  the  Talents, 
the  Sheep  and  Goats;   Picture  of  the 

Judgment.     Mount  of  Olives i 

— After  announcing  His  betrayal  andj 
Crucifixion  at  the  coming  Passover, 
Jesus  retires  to  Bethany.  Judas 
avails  himself  of  this  opportunity  to 
conspire  with   the   rulers  for  His  be-: 

trayal.     Jerusalem 

— (No  record.  Jesus  in  retirement  at 
Bethany) 

(See  Map  at  top  of  next  page  for 
Course  of  Events  from  148  to  162.) 

—THE  LAST  SUPPER.  From 
Bethany,  Jesus  sends  Peter  and  John 
to  the  city  to  make  ready  the  Passover. 
Toward  evening  He  leaves  Bethany 
with  the  other  disciples  and  goes  to  the 
room  where  the  supper  is  to  be  eaten. 

Jerusalem 

— At  the  beginning  of  the  Supper, 
Jesus  expresses  His  desire  to  eat  this 
Passover  with  His  disciples  before  His 
death 


Matt.       Mark 


22  : 15-40 
22  : 41-46 


23  : 1-39 


— As  the  disciples  are  taking  their 
places  at  the  table  a  contention  arises 
among  them  as  to  who  is  greatest .... 
— To  teach  them  love  and  humility, 
Jesus  at  once  girds  Himself  and  pro- 
ceeds to  wash  their  feet 

During  the  supper,  Jesus  declares 
amid  the  surprise  and  grief  of  His 
disciples,  that  one  of  them  will 
BETRAY  Him.  Judas,  having  been 
indicated  as  the  traitor,  goes  out,  "and 
it  was  night " 


24:1-51 


25  : 1-46 


26  : 1-5, 
14-16 


26  : 17-19 


26  : 21-25 


12  : 13-34 
12  : 35-37 


Luke 


John 


20  : 20-40 
20  : 41-44 


12  :  38-40  20  :  45-47 
12  :  41-44      21  :  1-4 


13  : 1-37 


21  :5-38 


14  :  I,  2,      22  :  1-6 
ID,  II 


4  : 12-16 


14  : 18-21 


22  :7-l3 

22  :  15-18 
22  : 24-30! 


12  : 20-36 
12  : 37-50 


13  : 1-20 


22  : 21-23    13  :  21-30 


'  The  order  of  events  from  Nos.  149  to  155  as  here  given  seems  the  most  probable  one. 


THE   LIFE  OF   CHRIST 


27 


Chwt 
No. 


Date 


Event  and  Place 


Matt. 


JERUSALEM 

w^^VI  CI  NITV— ~ 
oH  THURSDAY, 


AND  EARLY    FRIDAY. 


BETHffNV 


A.D.  30 

Thursday 

April  6 

Evening 


Jesus  proceeds  to  institute  the 
"LORD'S  SUPPER"  after  the  depar- 
ture of  Judas  (see  i  Cor.  11  :  23-25). . . 

Peter  proclaims  his  loj'alty  and 
stedfastness,  but  Jesus   foretells   that 

HE     WILL     DENY     HIS     LORD.      This     is 

followed  by  the  incident  of  the  two 
swords 


Mark 


Farewell  Discourse  and  Inter- 
cessory Prayer.  Jesus  encourages 
His  disciples  and  replies  to  the  ques- 
tions of  Thomas  and  Philip.  He 
promises  the  Comforter.  The  disci- 
ples bidden  to  arise  stand  about  Jesus, 
while  He  finishes  His  address  and 
makes  His  prayer 


Thursday 
night 


Thursday 
midnight 


159       Friday 

1   April  7 
I  A.M. 


Before 
day 


— Near  midnight,  Jesus  goes  over  the 
brook  Kidron,  with  His  disciples,  to  the 
garden  of  Gethsemane,  to  await  the 
coming  of  Judas.  (Before  depart- 
ing He  makes  a  second  prediction  of 
the  fall  of  Peter,  f) 


— The  Agony  in  Gethsemane 

—The  Betrayal  and  Arrest  of  Jesus. 
Jesus  heals  the  ear  of  Malchiis,  which 
Peter  had  cut  off.  The  disciples  flee. 
Gethsemane 


— Jesus  is  first  brought  to  Annas,  the 
father-in-law  of  Caiaphas.  P.alace 
OF  High  Priest 


— Night  examination  before  Caiaphas, 
the  high  priest  to  whom  Annas  had 
sent  Jesus.     Jesus  is  maltreated 


— The  three  denials  of  Peter  during 
the  trial 


26  :  26-29  14  :  22-25 


Luke 


22  : 19, 20 


26  :  31-35  14:27-3122  :  31-38 


26:30        14:26        29:39 

(31-35)      (27-31) 
26  :  36-46  14  :  32-42  22  :  40-46 


26  :  47-56  14:43-52  22  :  47-53 


26  :  57-68  14:53-65 


22  :54 
63-65 


26  :  69-75  14  :  66-72  22  :  55-6: 


— Formal  trial  and  condemnation  of 
Jesus  by  the  Sanhedrin.  He  confesses 
He  is  the  Christ,  and  is  condemned  for 
blasphemy  and  is  mocked.  He  is  sent 
to  Pilate I     27:1,2 


22  :  66  to 
23:1 


John 


13  : 31-38 


14:  I  to  17, 
26 


18  :  13,  14, 
19-24 


18  :  15-18, 

25-27 


18  :28 


t  Matthew  and  Mark  record  what  appears  to  be  a  second  prediction  of  Peter's  denial. 


28 


CHRONOLOGICAL  OUTLINE  OF 


Date 


Event  and  Place 


!    Matt. 


JERUSALEM 

fiKS-  VICI  NITV  -~ 
o^  FRIDAV. 


A.D.  30 
Friday 
April  7 

morning 


— The  Remorse  and  Suicide  of  Judas 
(see  Acts  i  :  18,  19) 

— The  Trial  before  Pilate  who  seeks  to 
release  Him,  Pilate  sends  Jesus  to 
Herod  (see  Herodian  Family).  The 
Pretorium 


27  :3-io 


27  :ii-l4 


—Jesus  refuses  to  answer  the  questions 
of  Herod  who  sends  Him  back  to 
Pilate.     Herod's  residence 


— Pilate's  second  attempt  to  release 
Jesus.  The  Jews  choose  Barabbas. 
Pretorium 


9  A.M. 


I  Jesus  is  delivered  to  death,  and  is 
scourged  by  the  soldiers.     Pretorium  . 

Final  attempt  of   Pilate   to   release 
Jesus.     "EcceHomo. "     Pretorium. 

— Jesus  is  led  to  His  crucifixion 

—THE  CRUCIFIXION.  First  word 
from  cross,  "Father,  forgive  them, 
they  know  not  what  they  do."  Cal- 
vary   


— Jews  mock  Jesus  on  cross.  Second 
word  to  penitent  thief,  "To-day  shalt 
thou  be  with  Me  in  paradise" 


12  noon 
to  3  P.M 


3  P.M. 


cvi^nrng 

Saturday 
April  8 


— Jesus  commends  His  mother  to  John. 
Third  word,  "Woman,  behold  thy 
Son" 


— Darkness  covers  the  land.  Fourth 
word,  "My  God,  My  God,  why  hast 
Thou  forsaken  Me?  "  Fifth,  "  I  thirst.  " 
Sixth,  "It  is  finished."  Seventh, 
"Father,  into  Thy  hands  I  commend 
My  Spirit."  These  last  words  follow 
in    quick   succession.     3   P.M.,  Jesus 

Expires 27  :  45-50 

— Veil  of  Temple  rent;  earthquake; 
the  words  of  the  Centurion ;  the  women 

at  the  cross '27  :  51-56 

— The  Burial  of  Jesus,  by  Joseph  ofi 

Arimathea 27  :  57-61 

— The  Guard  at  the  sepulchre 27  :  62-66 


27  : 15-26 
27  : 26-30 


27  : 31-34 


27  : 35-38 


27  : 39-44 


Mark 


15  :2-5 


Luke 


23  : 2-5 
23  :6-i2 


15  :  6-15,23  :  13-25 
15  :  15-191 


5  : 20-23 


23  : 26-33 


15  : 24-28 23: 33, 34 
38 


15  :  29-32 


1 5  : 33-37 

15  : 38-41 
15  :  42-47 


23  :  35- 
37, 39-43 


?3  :  44-  46 


23  :45 

47-49 

23  : 50-56 


John 


[8:29-38 


18  :39, 40 

19  :  1-3 

19  :4-l6 
19:16,  17 

19  : 18-24 


19  : 25-27 


19  : 28-30 


19  131-42 


THE   LIFE  OF   CHRIST 


VI.   THE  RESURRECTION  PERIOD. 

"THE   FORTY    DAYS" 

From  The  Resurrection,  Sunday,  April  9,  A.D.  30,   to  The   Ascension,  Thursday,  May   18, 

A.D.  30. — 40  days. 


Chu-t 
No. 


177 

17S 
179 

180 

181 

182 


Date 


A.D.  30 

Sunday 

April  9 

early 

dawn 

Early 

morning 

Morning 


After- 
noon 


IS.'J      Evening 
184 


Event  and  Place 


185 

186 

187 
188 


189 


Sunday 
April  16 

April- 
May 


Thursday 
May  18 


The  women  come  to  the  sepulchre; 
the  vision  of  angels;  Mary  Magdalene 
returns  to  city  to  call  Peter  and  John. 

Peter  and  John  visit  the  sepulchre, 
and  seeing  it  empty  return  home .  . 

Jesus'  FIRST  appearance,  to  Mary 
Magdalene,  who  remains  at  the  sepul 
chre  weeping 

Jesus'  SECOND  appearance  to  the 
other  women,  near  Jerusalem 

The  Rejiort  of  the  Guard 

Report  of  third  appearance  to  Peter 
appears  to  two  disciples  on  the  way  to 
Emmaus,  FOURTHappearance(see  I  Cor 
15:5) 

Fifth  appearance,  to  the  ten  disci- 
I)les,  Thomas  absent.     Jerusalem. 
— Sixth    appearance,    to    the    eleven 
disciples.     Jerusalem.      Disciples   go 

into  Galilee 

— Seventh  appearance.  Jesus  appears 
to  seven  disciples  while  fishing  in  Sea 

OF  Galilee 

— Eighth  appearance.  Jesus  appears 
to   many  disciples  on  a   mountain  in 

Galilee  (see  i  Cor.  15:6) 

— (Appears     to    James — see     I     Cor. 

15:7) 

—THE  ASCENSION.  Final  appear- 
ance to  all  the  apostles,  near  Bethany. 
"And  it  came  to  pass,  while  He  blessed 
them,  He  parted  from  them,  and  was  car- 
ried up  into  heaven  "  (see  Acts  1  :  3-12) 

— Conclusion  of  John's  Gospel 


Matt. 


28  :  1-8 


Mark 


28  :9, 10 
28  :II-I5 


28  : 16-20 


16  :  9- 
llt 


Luke  John 


24  : i-ii 


24  :  12 


16  :i2, 

I3t 

16  :  14- 

I8ti 


24  : 13-35 
24  : 36-43 


16  :  19- 

20 1 


24  : 44-53 


20  :3-io 


20  : 19-25 

20  : 26-29 

21  :  1-24 


20:30,31: 
21  :25 


*  The  order  of  events  under  No.  177  cannot  be  determined  with  certainty. 
t  The  genuineness  of  Mark  16:  9-20  is  questionable  (see  Revised  Version). 


30 


M I  RAGLES— PARABLES 


MIRACLES   OF   JESUS 


Chart 
No.  * 


117 
127 
132 
iS8 
18S 


Water  turned  into  wine 

Nobleman's  son  healed  at  Capernaum 

First  Draught  of  fishes 

Demoniac  cured  in  Synagogue 

Peter's  wife's  mother 

Many  sick  and  possessed  by  demons .  . 

Leper  healed 

Paralytic  healed 

Impotent  man  at  Pool  of  Bethesda.  .  . 

Man  with  withered  hand 

Centurion's  servant 

Widow's  son  raised 

Blind  and  dumb  demoniac 

Tempest  stilled 

Gergesene  demoniacs 

Jairus'  daughter  raised 

Woman  with  issue  of  blood 

Two  blind  men 

Dumb  demoniac 

Five  thousand  fed 

Walking  on  the  sea 

Syrophenician's  daughter 

Deaf  and  dumb  man  and  many  others. 

Four  thousand  fed 

Blind  man 

Demoniac  child 

Tribute  money  found  in  fish's  mouth  . 

Man  born  blind 

Infirm  woman 

Man  with  dropsy 

Lazarus  raised 

Ten  lepers 

Two  blind  men  (Bartimeus) 

Fig  tree  withered 

Ear  of  Malchus  healed 

Second  Draught  of  fishes 


Sea  of  Galilee . 
Capernaum . . . 


Galilee 

Capernaum 

Jerusalem 

Galilee 

Near  Capernaum . 

Nain 

Capernaum 

Sea  of  Galilee. .  .  . 

Gergesa 

Capernaum 

Gennesaret 

Capernaum 


Bethsaida 

Sea  of  Galilee. 

Phoenicia 

Decapolis 


Near  Bethsaida.  . 

Mt.  Hermon 

Near  Capernaum. 

Jerusalem 

Perea  (?) 


Bethany 

Near  border  Samaria 

Near  Jericho 

Mt.  Olives 

Gethsemane 

Sea  of  Galilee 


23-27 
29-31 
32-34 
40-45 
:  1-12 


12  :  22-37 
8  :  24-27 

8  :  28-34 

9  :  18-26 
9  :  20-22 
9  :  27-30 
9  : 32-34 

14  :  13-21 

14  :  22-36 

15  :  21-29 
(is  :  30-31) 

15  :  32-39 


(3  :  20-30) 

4  : 37-41 
S  :  i-iS 

5  :  22-24 


14- 


6  : 30-44 

6  : 45-56 

7  : 24-30 

7  : 31-37 
8  :  1-9 

8  :  22-26 

9  :  14-27 


S  :  i-ii 
4  :  33-36 
4  :38,39 

4  :40,4i 

5  :  12-16 
S  :  18-26 


6  :6-ii 

7  :  i-io 

7  :  11-17 
II  :  14 

8  : 23-25 
8  : 27-35 
8  :  41,42 
8  :  43-48 


13  :  I 

14 


46-52 
12-14 


John 


46-54 


9  :  1-41 

11' ;  1-46 


PARABLES   OF   JESUS 


Chart 

No.  * 


Matt.     Mark 


114 
119 
120 
124 
129 
136 
137 


145 
146 


Candle  under  bushel. 


Two  kinds  of  builders 

Two  debtors 

Rich  fool 

Servants  who  are  watching . 


13  :33 

13  :44 
13  :4S 
13  :47 
9  :  16 
9  :  17 
18  :23 


Wise  steward 

Tyrannical  steward 

Barren  fig  tree 

The  sower 

Tares  among  the  wheat 

Seed  growing  in  secret 

Mustard  seed's  growth  

The  leaven 

Hidden  treasure 

Goodly  pearl 

Net  cast  for  fish 

New  cloth  on  old  garment 

New  wine  in  old  wine  skins 

Merciless  servant 

Good  Samaritan 

Importunate  friend 

Great  supper 

Building  of  tower;  King  going  to  war  .. 

Lost  sheep 

Lost  coin 

j  Prodigal  son 

Unjust  steward 

Rich  man  and  Lazarus 

Unprofitable  servant 

Importunate  widow 

Pharisee  and  publican 

Laborers  in  vineyard 

The  pounds 

Two  sons 

Wicked  husbandmen 

Marriage  of  king's  son,  and  man  with- 
out wedding  garment 

Fig  tree  and  other  trees 

Householder  watching , 

Wise  and  foolish  virgins 25:1 

The  talents 25  :  14 

Sheep  and  goats 25  :  31 


18 


22  :  I 
24  =32 


13  :  28 
13  :34 


8  :  16  Truth  is  to  be  spread. 

11  :  33 

6  :  47  Obedience  and  negligence  compared. 
7:41   Gratitude  for  forgiveness. 

12  :  16   Lovefor  worldly  things  opposed  to  godliness. 
12  :  35  iWatching  for  the  Lord's  return. 

12  :  42  [Faithfulness  rewarded. 

12  :  4S    Unfaithfulness  punished. 
13  :  6  I  God's  wonderful  patience. 

8  :  5    Receptivity  of  hearers  determines  results. 

, Good  and  evil  at  the  last  to  be  separated. 

The  law  of  religious  growth. 

13  :  18   Growth  of  kingdom  from  small  beginnings. 

13  :  20   Truth  diffused  by  contact. 

>  The  paramount  value  of  the  Kingdom. 

Diverse  elements  in  the  Church. 

5  :  36  I  I  New    doctrine    and    spirit    destroys    old 

5  :  37  I  i      prejudices. 

Forgiveness  a  duty. 

10  :  30   Doing  good  to  enemies. 

11:5   Constancy  in  prayer. 

14  :  16  IGod's  call  is  to  every  one. 

14  :  28   Carefulness;  and  self-denial. 

15  :  4   God  seeking  and  saving. 
15:8  jGod  seeking  and  finding. 

15  :  II    God  waiting  to  forgive. 

16  :  I   Wordly  wisdom  in  religious  matters, 

16  :  ig  Death  will  bring  the  just  reward. 
17:7  God  demands  our  entire  service. 
iS  :  2   Unceasing  prayer  prevails. 

18  :  10  "(rod  resists  the  proud." 
Late  penitents  receive  full  reward. 

19  :  12    Faithfulness  rewarded,  indolence  pur 
Obedience  better  than  profession. 

20  :  9  .Christ's  rejection  by  the  Jews. 

A  robe  of  righteousness  necessary. 

21  :  29  Signs  of  the  second  coming. 

Necessity  for  watchfulness. 

Watchful  readiness. 

Careful  use  of  opportunities. 

Love  will  be  the  test. 


5hed. 


*  The  corresponding  number  in  the  wave- like  band  on  Large  Chart  will  indicate  ai)proxiniate  date. 


JEWISH   CALENDAR 


31 


JEWISH    CALENDAR 


Year 

Name  of 

Month 

Festival 

With  its  Date  in 

Jewish  Month 

Eng- 
lish 
Month 
(approx.) 

English  Date 
OF  Festivals, 

FOR 

Civil 

Sacred 

1911  1   1915 

I 

7 

NISAN,  or 
ABIB. 

Ex.  12  :  2. 
Neh.  2:1. 

I.  New  Moon 

14-  PASSOVER.   Ex.12  :i-si. 

16.  Firstfruitof  Barley  har- 
vest presented.      Lev. 
23  :  10-12. 

APRIL 

Mch.  30 

Apl.    13 

■•       IS 

Mch.  16  Latter  or  spring  rains.          tn 

"     30  Streams  in  flood.                    2 

Apl.      I  Barley  ripe  in  lowlands.    1   < 

II 

8 

ZIV 

(Blossom). 
I  Ki.6:i,37. 
Later  lYAR. 

14.  Second     Passover     for 
those  unable   to   keep 
First.   Num.  9  :  10,  11. 

MAY 

May  12 

Apl.    28 

Wheat  coming  into  ear 
Barley      harvest      in 

highlands. 
Wheat  ripens  in  low- 
lands. 

i 

< 
X 

III 

9 

SIVAN 

Esth.  8  : 9. 

6.  Pentecost,  or  Feast  of 
Weeks,  or  of  Harvest. 
Loaves  as  Firstfruitsof 
Wheat  harvest  present- 
ed. Ei.  23 :  19;  Deut.  16 : 9, 10. 

JUNE 

June    2 

May  19 

Summer  begins. 
Wheat  harvest. 
No  rain  until  Oct. 

z 

IV 

10 

TAMUZ 

17.  Taking    of    Jerusalem. 
Fast  of  Tamuz. 

JULY 

July   13 

Increasing  heat. 
June  29,Grapcs  begin  to  ripen. 

1 

t 

S 

X 

1 

V 

II 

AB 

9.  Destruction  of  Temple. 
Fast  of  Ab. 

AUG. 

Aug.    3 

July   20 

U 

VI 

12 

ELUL 

Neh.  6  :  IS. 

SEPT. 

General  grape  harvest 

VII 

I 

TISRI,  or 

ETHANIM. 

I  Ki.  8  :  2. 

I.  Feastof  Trumpets.   New 
Year.     Num.  29  :  i. 

10.  Day  of  Atonement.  Lev.  16: 29. 

15.  Feast    of  TABERNACLES. 
Lev.  23:34.    Firstfruitsof 
Wine  and  Oil.  Deut.  16: 13. 

OCT. 

Sept.  23 

Oct.      2 

7 

Sept.    9 
"      18 
"     23 

Former,   or  earlier  rains 

begin. 
Planting  begins. 

VIII 

2 

BUL,  or 

HESVAN 

(Rain). 

NOV. 

Barley  and  Wheat  sown. 
Continued  rain. 

IX 

3 

CHISLEV 

(Kislev) 
Neh.  1:1. 
Zech.  7:1. 

25.  Feast    of     Dedication. 
I  Mace.  4  :  52. 

DEC. 

Dec.  16 

Winter  begins. 
Snow  on  highlands. 

Dec.     3' 

X 

4 

TEBET 

Esth.  2  :  16. 

JAN. 

Coldest  month. 

ei 
(d 
H 

XI 

5 

SEBAT 

Zech.  I  :  7. 

FEB. 

Weather  becoming 
warmer. 

XII 

6 

AGAR 

Esth.  3:7. 
Esth.  9  :  27. 

14,  IS-    Feast     of     Purim. 
Esth.  3  :  7  ;  9  :  27. 

MAR. 

Almond  trees  in  blossom. 

The  Hebrew  Year  consists  of  354  days  or  i2  lunar 
months,  each  beginning  at  the  time  of  the  new  moon. 
These  months  contain  29  and  30  days  alternately,  Nisan 
having  30  days.  In  order  that  the  great  annual  festivals 
which  were  associated  with  the  agricultural  life  of  the 
people  might  be  held  at  their  appropriate  season,  it  was 
constantly  necessary  to  bring  the  year  into  conformity 
with  the  solar  year,  of  about  365  days.  This  seems  to 
have  been  done  by  adding  a   13th  month  seven  times 


during  a  cycle  of  19  years.  The  biblical  or  sacred  year 
began  in  our  spring  with  the  month  Nisan,  but  the 
agricultural  or  civil  year  began  with  seed  time  in  the 
autumn.  In  the  table  the  approximate  English  month 
is  given  with  its  corresponding  date  of  the  festivals. 
It  will  be  noticed  that  in  191 1  Nisan  began  on  March  30, 
and  that  in  191S  it  begins  on  March  16,  or  about  15  days 
earlier.  The  three  great  Jewish  feasts  are  given  in 
heavy  type. 


HERODIAN   FAMILY— THE   TWELVE   APOSTLES 


THE    HERODIAN   FAMILY 


Antipater,  made  Procurator  of  Judea  by  Julius  Caesar. 
in.  Cvpros,  an  Arabian.     Died  43  B.C. 

I 


Phasael 

Joint  Tetrarchof  Judea 
with  Herod,  41  B.C. 


Married: 
(i)  Doris.       (2)  Mariamne 
Maccabeus. 


I  I 

HEROD  I.  "The  Great"  (i)  Joseph 

made  King  by  the  Romans  40  B.C. 
Sole  King  of  Judea  37  B.C. 
Died  4  B.C. 


Pheroras 


(3)  Mariamne, 
d.  of  Simon. 


(4)MaIthace,  a  Samaritan. 


I 

Salome 
I 

Bernice 
m.  Aristobulus, 
son  of  Herod  I. 


(s)  Cleopatra      others. 


I 
Antipater 
Put  to  death 
by    his    fa- 
ther 4  B.C. 


I 

Aristobulus 

m.  Bernice,  dau. 
of  Salome,  sis- 
ter of  Herod  I. 

Put  to  death  by 
his  father  6 
B.C. 


I 
Philip  Boetus  (2) 
m.  Herodias.   Lived 
in  private. 

I 

Salome  (6) 

m.(i)  H.Philip  II. 

(2)  Aristobulus, 

of  Chalsis 

[See  Herodias  (8).] 


HEROD  ANTIPAS  (3)    ARCHELAUS  (4)  HEROD  PHILIP  11.  (.5) 


'The    Tetrarch"     of 

Galilee, 
m.  (i)  dau.  of  Aretas. 
(2)  Herodias,  wife  of 

his  bro.  Philip. 
Banished  40  A.D. 
Beheaded  the  Baptist. 
At  trial  of  Jesus. 


Ethnarch    of   Ju-    Tetrarch    of    Iturea. 
dea,  Idumeaand      etc., 
Samaria  4  B.C.      m.   Salome,    dau.    of 
Banished  6  A.D.        Herodias   and  Phil- 
ip Boetus. 
Died  34  A.D. 


I 

Herod,  King  of  Chalcis 

m.  (i)  Mariamne.    (2)  Bernice. 

I 

Aristobulus 

n.  Salome,  dau.  of  Herodias  and 

Philip  Boetus. 


HEROD  AGRIPPA  i.  (7) 

Succeeded  to  Tetrarchy  of  H .  Philip  II . 

37  A.D.  and  of  Herod  Antipas  40  A.D. 

Judea  and  Samaria  were  added 

41  A.D. 

Died  44  A.D. 

m.  Cypros,  grandd.  of  Phasael. 

Killed  James,  brother  of  John. 

Died  eaten  of  worms. 

I 


Herodias  (8) 
(i)   Philip  Boetus,  whom  she  left 
for  (2)  Herod  Antipas. 


HEROD  AGRIPPA  II.  (9) 

King  of  Chalcis,  48  to  S3  A.D. 
Succeeded  to  Tetrarchv  of  H.  Philip 

II.  S3  to  70  A.D. 
Heard  Paul's  defence.     Last  Herodian 
Prince.     Alter  fall  of  Jerusalem  (70 
A.D.)  he  retired  to  Rome,  where  he 
died   100  A.D. 


I 
Bernice  do) 
(i)  Marcus,  son  of  Alexander,  the 
alabarch. 

(2)  Herod,   King  of  Chalsis   (her 

uncle). 

(3)  Polemon,  King  of  Cilicia. 


I 
Drusilla  (11) 
Felix.  Governor  of  Judea,  before 

whom  Paul  made  defence. 

(Felix  was  succeeded  by  Festus 

60  A.D.) 


SCRIPTURE    REFERENCES   TO   THE    HERODIAN    FAMILY. 

the  New  Testament,  and  are  indicated  by  number 


Eleven  members  of  the  Herodian  family  are  mentioned 
in  the  above  table.     The  Scripture  references  are  as  follows 


(i)   Herod  I.    Matt.  2  :  1-3,  7 

(2)  Philip    Boetus.     Matt.   14 

3  :  19  (as  brother). 

(3)  Herod  Antipas.    Matt.  14 

16-22,    23-27;     Luke    2 
23  :  7-12,  is;  Acts  4  :  2 

(4)  .-^rchelaus.    Matt.  2  :  22. 

(5)  Herod  Philip  II.    Luke  3 


3,  12-19,  22;  Luke  I  :  S- 
3;     Mark  6  :  17;     Luke 

I,  3,  6,  9;  Mark  6  :  14, 
1-19;  8:3;  9:7,  9; 
;    13  :  I. 


(6)  Salome.    Matt.   14  :  6ff.;  Mark  6  :  22fT.  (as  dau.  of 

Herodias). 

(7)  Herod  Agrippa  I.    Acts  12. 

(8)  Herodias.    Matt.  14  :  3,  6ff.;   Mark  6  :  17,  I9,  22ff. 

(9)  Herod  Agrippa  II.    Acts  25  :  I3ff.;    26  :  i. 

(10)  Bernice.    Acts  25  :  13.  23;    26  :  30. 

(11)  Drusilla.    Acts  24  :  24. 


THE   TWELVE   APOSTLES 


Name 

Surname 

Parents 

Writings 

Field  of  Labor,  etc. 

Peter,  Cephas 'i 

I  and  2  Peter 

> Jonah 

Rome  (?). 

2.  Andrew 

Missionary — Greece,  Asia  Minor, 

Scythia. 

4-  John 

5.  James,  the  Less. 

6.  JUDE 

(Boanerges,  or         |  I  iiebedee  anrj 

j    Sons  of  Thunder  1      Salome 

h  Alphaeus 

Thaddaeus  or           j  >     (or   Cleophas?) 



Gospel,    3  Epistles, 

Revelation 

Epistle  (?) 

Epistle 

Antipas. 

Banished  Patmos,  Ephesus.  Died 
aged. 

Palestine,  Egypt.  Bishop  at  Jeru- 
salem (?). 

Lebbaeus )      and  Mary 

Assyria  and  Persia  (?). 

9.  Matthew 

Levi Alphaeus 

Gospel 

Ethiopia  (?). 

10.  Thomas 

Syria,  Persia  and  India  (?). 

The   Cananaean    or 

DICTIONARY 


33 


DICTIONARY 


OF   THE 

PRINCIPAL   NAMES   FOUND    IN   THP:   GOSPELS 


Key  to  Pronunciation  and  Auureviations: — a  as  in  mate,  a  as  in  mat,  e  as  in  mete,  e  as 
in  met,  J  as  in  pine,  i  as  in  pin,  6  as  in  note,  6  as  in  not,  u  as  in  mute,  u  as  in  but. 

O.  T.,  Old  Testament;  N.  T.,  New  Testament;  A.  V.,  Authorized  Version;  R.  V.,  Revised 
Version;  q.v.  (quod  vide),  which  see. 


Abba,  ib'-ba,  father.     An  invocation  of  God. 

Mk.  14  :  36;   Rom.  8  :  15;  Gal.  4  :  6. 
Abia,   a-bi'-a,    The  Lord   is   my   Father.     The 

eighth  of   the  twenty-four  courses  of  priests. 

Lu.  I  :  5  (see   i   Chron.    24  :  10,   where   the 

name  is  spelled  Abijah). 
Aceldama,  a-sel'-da-ma,  the  field  of  blood.     The 

potter's   field    near   Jerusalem   bought   with 

the  money   which   had  been  paid   to  Judas 

for  betraying  Jesus.    Matt.  27  :  7. 
JExos,  e'-non,  springs.    Jo.  3  :  23. 
Alabaster.     A  fine  carbonate  of  lime  taking 

a    high    polish    and    used    by    Orientals    in 

making  vases  or  bo.ves  for  ointments.    Matt. 

26:7;   Mk.  14:3;   Lu.  7  :37. 
Alph.^us,   al-fe'-iis,   successor,     (i)  Father  of 

Matthew  or  Levi.    Mk.  2  :  14.     (2)  Father 

of    the    Apostle  James.    Matt.    10:3;   Mk. 

3:18;     Lu.    6:15.     (By    some    considered 

identical  with  Cleophas  (q.v.).    Jo.  19  :  25.) 
Anise,    an'-Is.     A    small    umbelliferous    plant 

producing  an  aromatic  fruit  used  in  medicine 

and    in   cooking.     Sometimes   called    Dill. 

Matt.  23  :  23. 
Anna,    grace.      A    prophetess    at    Jerusalem. 

Lu.  2  :  36. 
Annas,     an'-nas,     humble.     Greek     form     of 

Hananiah.     High-priest  from  A.D.  7  to  23. 

Lu.  3  :  2.      Succeeded     by    his     son-in-law, 

Caiaphas,  A.D.  25.    Jo.  18  :  13. 
Apostle,  a-p6s'-l,  one  who  is  setit.     The  specific 

name  given  to  "the  twelve"  disciples.    Matt. 

ID;    Mk.    16  :  20;     Jo.   16  :   13  (see    names 

on  p.  32).     Used  also  with  a  wider  meaning, 

when   given   to   any   one   commissioned    to 

preach  the  gospel.    I  Cor.  9:1, 2;    12:18; 

Eph.  4:11. 
Archelaus,  ar-ke-la'-us,  prince  of  the  people. 

A   son   of    Herod    the   Great.    Matt.    2  :  22 

(see  Herodian  Family,  p.  32). 
Arimath^a,     ar-im-a-the'-a.     The     same     as 

Ramah.     A  town  of  Judea.    Matt.  27  :  57; 

Mk.  15  :  43;   Lu.  23  :  51;   Jo.  19  :  38. 
Augustus,  aw-gus'-tus,  renowned.     The    first 

Roman  emperor,  B.C.  30  to  A.D.   14.    Lu. 

2  :  I. 

Barabbas,  bahr-ab'-as,  son  of  Abba  or  Father. 

The  robber  released  instead  of  Jesus.    Matt. 

27:16;     Mk.    15:6,    7;     Lu.    23:18;     Jo. 

i8  :  40. 
Bar-jona,  bahr-jo'-na,  sort  of   Jona.     Simon, 

also  called  Peter.    Matt.  16:17  (see  Peter). 
Bartholomew,  bahr-thol'-o-mu,  son  of  Tolmai. 

A    native    of    Cana.     One    of    the    twelve 

apostles.     Matt.    10:3;    Mk.    3:18;     Lu. 

6  :  14.     Also   called    Nathanael     iq.v.).    Jo. 

I  :  45- 
BartiM/Eus,    bahr-ti-me'-iis,    son    of   Timceus. 


A  beggar  cured  of  blindness  near  Jericho. 
Mk.  10  :  46. 

Beelzebub,  be-^l'-ze-bub,  lord  of  the  fly. 
Perhaps  more  correctly,  Beelzebul,  the 
prince  or  lord  of  filth.  In  the  N.  T.,  a  name 
of  contempt  given  to  Satan,  the  prince  of 
the  demons,  or  false  gods.  Matt.  10  :  25; 
12  :  24;    Mk.  3  :  22;   Lu.  11  :  15. 

Bethlehem,  beth'-le-hem,  house  of  bread.  A 
town  five  miles  S.  of  Jerusalem.  Originally 
called  Ephrath,  Gen.  35  :  19,  and  Ephratah, 
Micah  5  :  2.  Home  of  Naomi  and  Ruth, 
Ruth  1:1,  2,  22;  birthplace  of  David, 
I  Sam.  17  :  12;  birthplace  of  Christ,  Matt. 
2:1,2. 

Bethph.\ge,  beth'-fa-ge,  house  of  unripe  figs. 
A  place  on  the  Mount  of  Olives  near  Bethany. 
Matt.  22  :  I ;   Mk.  11  :  i ;   Lu.  19  :  29. 

Bethsaida,  beth-sa'-i-da,  house  of  fishing. 
The  name  probably  of  two  towns  on  northern 
shore  of  Sea  of  Galilee,  and  possibly  separated 
only  by  the  Jordan  River.  Birthplace  of 
Peter,  Andrew  and  Philip.  Matt.  11:21; 
Jo.  I  :  44,  12  :  21.  Blind  man  cured  there. 
Mk.  8  :  22.  Christ  feeds  the  five  thousand 
there,  east  of  the  Jordan.  Mk.  6:31-53, 
Lu.  9  :  10-17.  Condemned  for  unbelief. 
Matt.  II  :  21. 

Blasphemy,  blas'-fe-me.  Original  meaning,  to 
speak  insultingly,  but  in  the  Bible  it  also 
specifically  means  to  speak  irreverently  of 
God  or  sacred  things.  Punished  by  stoning. 
Lev.  24:11-14.  Christ  accused  of.  Matt. 
9:3;  26:65;  Mk.  2:7;  Lu.  5:21;  Jo. 
10:33.  Against  Holy  Ghost.  Matt.  12:31; 
Mk.  3  :  28;    Lu.  12  :  10. 

Boanerges,  bo-an-er'-ges,  sons  of  thunder. 
A  surname  given  by  Christ  to  James  and 
John.    Mk.  3  :  17. 

C^SAR,  se'-zar.  An  official  title  of  the  early 
Roman  emperors.  Matt.  22  :  17.  The  em- 
peror Augustus  is  meant  in  Lu.  2:1,  and 
Tiberius  in  Lu.  3:1. 

C^sarea  Philippi,  se-za-re'-a  fl-lip'-i.  The 
name  given  by  Philip  the  tctrarch  to  Paneas, 
a  town  at  the  foot  of  Mt.  Hermon,  the 
probable  "high  mountain"  of  the  Trans- 
figuration. Matt.  16  :  13;  17  :  i-io;  Mk. 
8:27. 

Calvary,  the  place  of  a  skull.  The  place  of 
the  Crucifixion  of  our  Lord,  now  generally 
located  north  of  Jerusalem,  not  far  from  the 
Damascus  gate.  Lu.  23  :  33  (see  Golgotha). 

Cana,  ka'-na,  place  of  reeds.  A  town  of  which 
the  exact  site  is  unknown,  but  supposed  to 
be  about  8  miles  N.  of  Nazareth.  Christ 
turns  water  into  wine  at  marriage  feast, 
Jo.  2  :  i-ll;    heals  while  there  the  son  of  a 


34 


DICTIONARY 


nobleman  in  Capernaum,  Jo.  4:46,  47. 
Home  of  Nathanael  (Bartholomew).  Jo. 
21  :  2. 

Canaanite,  ka'-na-an-Ite.  In  R.  V.  Cana- 
N.EAN.  Specifically  Simon  Zelotes,  one  of 
"the  twelve"  (see  Zealots). 

Capernaum,  ka-per'-na-um,  village  of  Nahum, 
or  of  consolation.  A  city  on  the  N.  W. 
shore  of  the  Sea  of  Galilee.  The  site  sup- 
posed to  be  the  present  ruins  of  Tell  Hum. 
Principal  residence  of  Christ  and  His  apostles 
during  His  Galilean  ministry,  Matt.  4  :  13; 
9:1;  Jo.  2  :  12;  miracles  performed  there, 
Matt.  8:5;  17:24;  Jo.  4:46;  6:17; 
Parables  spoken  there.  Matt.  13  :  18-24; 
Mk.  4.  Condemned  by  Christ  for  impeni- 
tence. Matt.  II  :  23;   Lu.  10  :  15. 

Cedron,  se'-dron,  or  ke'-dron.  A  ravine 
below  the  eastern  wall  of  Jerusalem,  dry 
in  summer.  Jo.  18  :  i  (see  Kidron,  the 
spelling  of  R.  V.). 

Centuriox,  sen-tu'-ri-6n.  A  Roman  officer 
commanding  a  hundred  soldiers,  (i)  Ser- 
vant of,  healed.  Matt.  8;  Lu.  7.  (2) 
Acknowledges  Christ  at  Crucifixion.  Matt. 
27  :54;    Mk.  15:39;   Lu.  23  -.47. 

Cephas,  se'-fas,  a  stoyie.  A  name  of  Peter. 
Jo.  I  :42  (see  Peter). 

Chorazin,  ko-ra'-zin,  secret.  A  town  about 
two  miles  N.  of  Capernaum.  Matt.  11  :  21; 
Lu.  10  :  13. 

Chuza,  chu'-za.  A  steward  of  Herod.  Lu. 
8  :  3;  24  :  10.     R.  V.  Chusas. 

Cleopas,  kle'-6-pas.  A  disciple  to  whom 
Christ  appeared  on  the  road  to  Emmaus. 
Lu.  24  :  18. 

Cleoph.\s,  kle'-6-fas.  The  husband  of  Mary. 
Jo.  19  :  25.  Probably  the  same  as  pre- 
ceding (see  AlpH/EUS). 

Comforter.  A  helper  and  defender.  A  name 
given  by  Christ  to  the  Holy  Spirit.  Jo. 
14  :  16;    15  :  26;    16  :  7. 

CoRBAN,  kor'-ban,  an  offering.  In  the  O.  T. 
a  name  given  to  anything  vowed  to  God. 
Lev\  27;  Num.  30.  The  misuse  of  the  plea 
is  condemned  by  Christ.  Matt.  15  :  3-9; 
Mk.  7  :  II. 

Crucifixion,  fixing  to  a  cross.  A  mode  of 
capital  punishment  introduced  into  Pales- 
tine by  the  Romans,  who  used  it  only  for 
slaves  and  the  lowest  criminals.  Among  the 
Israelites,  however,  from  the  time  of  Joshua, 
malefactors,  after  being  slain,  were  some- 
times hanged  upon  a  tree  (Josh.  8  :  29). 
To  such  burial  was  denied  (Deut.  21  :  22). 
Therefore  Christ's  burial  was  a  permitted 
exception.    Matt.  27  :  57-60. 

Ci.iUT.  The  ordinary  unit  of  length  among 
the  Jews,  originally  fixed  as  the  distance 
from  the  elbow  to  the  end  of  the  middle 
finger  (Deut.  3:11).  Under  the  Roman 
empire  the  Jewish  cubit  was  about  21.6 
inches.    Matt.  6  :  27;   Jo.  21  :  8. 

Cummin,  kum'-min.  A  plant  of  the  parsley 
family,  whose  aromatic  seeds  were  used  in 
bread  and  stewed  meats,  and  also  as  a 
medicine.    Matt.  23  :  23. 

CvRENE,  sl-re'-ne.  A  town  in  northern  Africa, 
in  what  is  now  Tripoli.  Simon,  who  was 
compelled  to  bear  the  cross,  was  of  Cyrene. 
Matt.  27  :  32;    Mk.  15  :  21. 

Cyrenius,  sl-re'-ni-iis.  A  Greek  form  of  the 
Roman  name,  Quirinius.  The  Roman  gov- 
ernor of  Syria,  B.C.  4  to  i  and  A.D.  6  to  11. 
Lu.  2  :  2. 


Dalmanutha,  dal-ma-nu'-tha.  A  town  on  the 
west  shore  of  the  Sea  of  Galilee,  probably 
N.  of  Tiberias.    Mk.  8  :  10. 

Decapolis,  de-cap'-6-lis,  ten  cities.  A  district 
east  of  the  Jordan.  Matt.  4:25;  Mk. 
5  :20;   7  :3i. 

Dedic.\tion,  Feast  of.  This  feast  com- 
memorated the  purging  of  the  Temple  after 
its  defilement  by  Antiochus  Epiphanes. 
I  Mace.  4  :  52-59.  It  was  celebrated  on 
the  25th  of  Chislev  (see  Jewish  Calendar, 
p.  31)  and  lasted  eight  days.    Jo.  10  :  22. 

Denarius,  de-na'-ri-us  {ten  asses,  an  as  being 
a  Roman  bronze  coin  =  a  half-penny,  or 
one  cent).  A  Roman  silver  coin  worth  about 
8K  pence,  or  nearly  17  cents.  Translated 
in  A.  V.  "penny,"  and  in  R.  V.  "shilling." 
Matt.  18  :  24;   20  :  2. 

Devil.  A  contracted  form  of  the  Latin 
diabolus,  the  Greek  (hd,ioAo-,  meaning  "a 
malicious  accuser."  This  word  is  used  in 
the  Greek  Testament  as  an  equivalent  of  the 
Hebrew  word  "Satan,"  meaning  "adver- 
sary." 

DiDYMUS,  did'-I-mus,  a  twin.  The  surname  of 
Thomas,  one  of  the  apostles.  Jo.  11  :  16; 
20  :  24;   21  :  2. 

Disciple,  learner.  A  name  given  to  the 
followers  of  John  the  Baptist,  Matt.  9  :  14; 
and  of  Christ,  Matt,  xo  :  24.  It  was  also 
applied  specifically  to  "the  twelve."  Matt. 
10  : i;    II  :  i;   20  :  17. 

Eli,  e'-li,  my  God,  la'-ma,  why,  sa-bach-tha'-nI, 
hast  Thou  forsaken  me?  Our  Lord's  cry 
upon  the  cross.  Matt.  27  :  46;  Mk.  15  :  34 
(Ps.  22  :  i). 

Eli  1  AH,  e-ll'-jah,  Jehovah  is  God.  The  prophet, 
called  Elias  in  A.  V.  Matt.  17  :  3;  Lu.  9  : 
28-35. 

Emmanuel.     R.  V.  Immanuel  {q.v.). 

Emmaus,  em-ma'-us,  hot  springs.  A  village 
about  7  miles  W.  of  Jerusalem.    Lu.  24  :  15. 

Es.\ias,  e-za'-as.  N.  T.  form  in  A.  V.  of 
Isaiah.    Matt.  3  :  3. 

EssENES,  es-senz'.  The  smallest  of  the  three 
religious  sects  of  the  Jews, — the  other  two 
being  the  Pharisees  and  the  Sadducees. 
The  Essenes  are  not  mentioned  in  Scripture, 
and  the  origin  of  their  name  is  uncertain. 
Ascetic  and  monastic  in  their  practice,  they 
were  pledged  by  solemn  oaths  to  justice, 
obedience,  and  honesty,  under  the  three 
rules  of  "love  of  God,  love  of  virtue,  and 
love  of  man." 

Farthing.  Two  Roman  bronze  coins  :  (i) 
The  Quadrans  =  yi.  farthing  or  y^  cent. 
Matt.  5:26;  Mk.  12:42.  (2)  The  .455a- 
rion  =  yi  penny  or  i  cent.  Matt.  10  :  29; 
Lu.  12  :  6.  This  latter  is  translated  "penny" 
in  R.  V. 

Firkin.  A  Greek  measure  equal  nearly  to 
9  gallons.    Jo.  2  :  6. 

Frankincense.  A  fragrant  gum  obtained 
from  a  tree  somewhat  like  the  mountain 
ash.  It  forms  one  of  the  ingredients  of  the 
sacred  incense.    Matt.  2:11. 

Gabbatha,  gab'-ba-tha,  height.  The  pave- 
ment on  which  was  placed  the  judgment 
scat  of  Pilate.    Jo.  19  :  13. 

Gabriel,  ga'-bri-el,  man  of  God.  An  arch- 
angel, and  messenger  of  Jehovah.  Lu.  i  :  il, 
19,  26,  38   (Dan.  8  :  16;  9  :  21). 


DICTIONARY 


35 


Gadara,  pad'-a-r5.  A  city  about  six  miles 
S.  E.  of  the  Sea  of  Galilct-.  The  same  name 
was  also  probably  given  to  the  surrounding 
country  (see  map). 

Gadarenes,  gad'-a-renes.  Inhabitants  of 
Gadara.  (R.  V.)  Matt.  8:28;  (A.  V.) 
Mk.   5:1;    Lu.  8  :  26  (see  Gerasa,   Gera- 

SENES,  GERGESENES). 

Galilee,  gal'-I-ie,  circuit.  The  most  northern 
of  the  three  political  divisions  of  Palestine, 
west  of  the  river  Jordan,  it  e.xtcnded  about 
60  miles  from  north  to  south,  and  30  miles 
from  east  to  west.  In  Galilee  our  Lord 
spent  the  most  of  His  life,  as  well  as  the 
greater  part  of  His  ministry. 

Galilee,  Sea  of.  An  expansion  of  the 
Jordan  about  13  miles  long  and  7  miles  wide, 
and  6H2  feet  below  the  level  of  the  Medi- 
terranean. In  the  N.  T.  it  is  also  called 
"Lake  of  Gennesarct,"  Lu.  5  :  i,  the  "Sea 
of  Tiberias,"  Jo.  6:i;  and  "the  Sea," 
Matt.  4  :  15.  In  the  O.  T.  it  is  known  as 
the  "Sea  of  Chinnereth,"  Num.  34:11; 
Josh.  12  :  3. 

Galileans,  gal-i-le'-ans.  Natives  of  Galilee. 
An  industrious  and  enterprising  people,  who 
in  matters  of  religion  were  much  more 
liberal  minded  than  the  more  ritualistic 
inhabitants  of  Judea.  They  were  looked 
down  upon  by  the  Judeans,  on  account  of 
their  primitive  habits  and  deficiency  in 
education.    Lu.  13  :  I. 

Gehenna  (see  Hinnom). 

Gennesaret,  gen-nes'-a-ret,  garden  of  princes. 
The  plain  on  the  N.  W.  shore  of  the  Sea  of 
Galilee,  lying  between  Capernaum  and 
Magdala  (see  map).  Matt.  14:34;  Mk. 
6:53. 

Gennesaret,  Lake  of.  A  name  of  the  Sea 
of  Galilee.    Lu.  5:1. 

Gentiles.  A  name  which  includes  all  peoples 
who  are  not  Jews.  Matt.  10  :  5.  Translated 
"Greeks"  in  R.  V.  Jo.  7:35.  Conversion 
predicted.  Matt.  8  :  11;  12  :  18;  Lu.  2  :  32; 
Jo.  10  :  16. 

Gerasa,  ger'-a-sa.  A  city  east  of  the  Jordan 
in  Perea,  with  a  large  surrounding  district 
which  included  the  small  country  of  Gadara. 

Gerasenes.  In  R.  V.  the  inhabitants  of 
Gerasa,  and  the  surrounding  country,  which 
included  the  Gadarenes.  Mk.  5:1;  Lu. 
8  :  26,  37- 

Gergesenes,  ger-ge-zenes,  A.  V.  Matt.  8  :  28, 
R.  V.  Gadarenes  {q.v.). 

These  names  are  interchanged  in  the  two 
versions,  as  follows: 

A.  V.  R.  V. 

Matt.  8  :  28,  Gergesenes      Gadarenes 

Mark  5:1,  Gadarenes       Gerasenes 

Luke  8  :  26,  37,    Gadarenes       Gerasenes 

The  name  Gerasenes  is  thus  seen  to  appear 
in  R.  V.  only. 

Gethsemane,  geth-sem'-a-ne,  oil  press.  The 
Garden  of  Gethsemane  was  at  the  foot  of 
Olivet,  and  was  reached  by  crossing  the 
brook  Kidron.  (R.  V.  Jo.  18  :i);  Matt. 
26  :  36;    Mk.  14  :  32;   Lu.  22  :  39. 

Golgotha,  gol'-go-tha,  a  skull.  The  Hebrew 
name  for  the  place  of  our  Lord's  crucifixion, 
now  believed  to  be  the  hill  north  of  the  city, 
not  far  from  the  Damascus  gate.  Matt. 
27:33;  Mk.  15:22;  Jo.  14:17.  Called 
also  in  Latin,  Calvary  (q.v.),  with  the  same 
meaning.    Lu.  23  :  33. 


Gomorrah,  g6-m6r'-rah,  submersion.  One  of 
the  cities  of  the  plain  destroyed  by  fire  from 
heaven.  Gen.  10  :  19.  Referred  to' by  Christ. 
Matt.  10  :  15;   Mk.  6  :  11. 

Gospel,  good  tidings  or  good  news.  An  Anglo- 
Saxon  word.  Its  Latin  equivalent  is  evan- 
gelium,  hence  our  words,  evangel,  evangelist, 
evangelical.  "The  Gospels"  is  a  name 
given  to  the  four  books  containing  the  good 
tidings  which  Jesus  brought  to  the  world 
from  His  Father.    Mk.  I  :  i. 

Hades,  ha'-dcz.  A  Greek  name  for  the  abode 
of  the  dead,  and  is  so  rendered  in  the  R.  V. 
In  the  A.  V.  it  is  uniformly  translated 
"hell"  (see  Hell).  Matt.  11:23;  16:18; 
Lu.  10  :  15;    16  :  23. 

Heathen,  dwellers  on  the  heath,  or  in  the 
country.  A  name  given  to  all  peoples  not 
Jews.  In  R.  V.  the  rendering  is  "Gentiles." 
Matt.  6:7;  18:17.  Gospel  preached  to, 
Matt.  24  :  14;   28  :  19. 

Heaven.  A  place  heaved,  or  lifted  up:  (i) 
The  firmament.  Matt.  5  :  18.  (2)  Dwelling 
place  of  God.  Matt.  5:45;  6:9;  Mk. 
13  :  32. 

Hebrews.  The  descendants  of  Abraham. 
The  name  is  derived  from  Eber,  or  Heber 
(Gen.  11:14),  a  progenitor  of  Abraham 
who  came  to  be  called  Abram  the  Hebrew 
(Gen.  14  :  13).  After  the  captivity  the 
name  Jew,  from  Judean,  or  native  of 
Judea,  came  more  commonly  in  use. 

Hell,  concealed.  The  translation  in  A.  V.  of 
N.  T.  of  the  Greek  word  Hades,  its  Hebrew 
equivalent  Sheol,  and  also  of  Gehenna  {q.v.), 
which  indicated  a  place  of  perpetual  burning 
or  torment.  The  R.  V.  retains  the  words 
Hades  and  Gehenna,  thus  making  a  dis- 
cinction  :  (i)  Hades,  Matt.  11:23;  l6  : 
18;  Lu.  10:15;  16:23.  (2)  Gehenna, 
Matt.  5  :  22;  5  :  29,  30;  10  :  28;  Mk.  9  :  47; 
23  :  15;   23  :33;   Lu.  12  :  5;    18  : 9. 

Herod  (see  Herodian  Family,  p.  32). 

Herodians,  he-ro'-di-ans.  A  political  party 
of  the  Jews  who  desired  a  restored  Judean 
kingdom  under  the  Herodian  family.  While 
in  principle  opposed  to  the  Pharisees,  they 
were  allied  with  them  in  opposition  to 
Christ.  Matt.  22:16;  Mk.  3:6;  8:15; 
12  :  13. 

Herodias,  he-ro'-di-as.  Matt.  14  : 3;  Mk.  6  :  17; 
Lu.  3  :  19  (see  Herodian  Family,  p.  32). 

Hinnom,  hin'-nom,  wailing.  A  valley  south 
of  Jerusalem,  the  early  scene  of  the  worship 
of  Moloch.  It  became  a  place  where  refuse 
was  burned.  The  fires  were  constantly 
burning,  and  thus  became  a  type  of  eternal 
torment.  The  Hebrew  name  is  Gc-hinnom, 
or  place  of  Hinnom,  whence  Gehenna.  The 
Gehenna  of  fire,  Matt.  5  :  22  (R.  V.  marg.). 

Hosanna.  An  exclamation  of  praise  to  God. 
Matt.  21:9;  Mk.  11:9;  Jo.  12:13. 
Greek,  hosanna;  Hebrew,  hoshi'ah  nna,  mean- 
ing, save,  I  pray. 

Hypocrite,  hip'-6-krit.  One  who  pretends 
to  be  what  he  is  not.  Matt.  6:2,  5,  16; 
7  :  5;  Mk.  7  :  6;  Lu.  6  :42;  11  :  44;  12  :  56; 
13:15;  15:7;  16:3;  22:18;  23:13; 
24:51- 

Idumea,  i-doo-me'-a,  also  Idum.ea.  The  Greek 
name  for  Edom.  The  country  lying  south 
of  Judea.    Mk.  3  :  8. 

Immanuel,  im-man'-u-el,   God  with  Jis.     The 


36 


DICTIONARY 


Messiah    of    Prophecy,    Isa.    7:14;     8:8; 

and    as    manifested,    Matt,    i  :  23.     A.    V. 

Emmanuel. 
IscARiOT,   is-kar'-i-6t.     The   man   of    Kerioth 

(9.1^.),  Judas.     Matt.  10:4;    26:21;    27:5; 

Mk.  3  :  19;    14  :  18;   Lu.  22  :  47;   Jo.  18  :  3. 
Itur.«a,    i-tu-re'-a.     A    province    N.    W.    of 

Palestine,  named  from  Jetur.    Gen.  25  :  15; 

I  Chr.  I  :  31;  Lu.  3:1. 

J.\iRus,  ja-I'-rus.  Greek  form  of  Jair,  God 
enlightens.  The  ruler  of  a  synagogue  whose 
daughter  Jesus  raised.  Matt.  9  :  18;  Mk. 
5  :  22;   Lu.  8  :  41. 

J.\MEs.  English  form  of  Jacob.  Four  persons 
bearing  this  name  seem  to  be  mentioned 
in  the  N.  T.  :  (i)  The  Apostle,  son  of 
Zebedee  and  brother  of  John.  Matt.  4  :  21; 
10:2;  17:1;  26:37;  Mk.  1:19;  3:14; 
9:2;  14:23;  Lu.  5:10;  6:13;  9:28; 
Slain  by  Herod,  Acts  12:2.  (2)  The 
Apostle,  son  of  Alphaeus.  Matt.  10:3; 
Mk.  3  :  18;  Lu.  6  :  15;  Acts  i  :  13.  (3) 
The  son  of  Marv,  wife  of  Cleophas.  Matt. 
15:40;  27:56'(cf.  Jo.  19:25).  (4)  The 
Lord's  brother.  Matt.  13:55;  Mk.  6:3; 
Acts  12  :  17;  15  :  13;  21  :  18-25;  also 
I  Cor.  15  :  7;   Gal.  i  :  18,  19;   2  :  i-io. 

Jericho,  jer'-i-ko.  An  ancient  city  15  miles 
east  of  Jerusalem,  and  5  miles  west  of  the 
Jordan  River.    Matt.  20  :  29;   Mk.  10  :  46. 

Jerusalem,  city  of  Salem,  or  city  of  peace.  The 
religious  capital  of  Palestine. 

Jesus.  A  Greek  form  of  Joshua,  Jehovah  is 
salvation.    Matt,  i  :  21  (see  Christ). 

Jews.  The  inhabitants  of  Judea.  Originally 
called  Israelites.    2  Ki.  16  :  6. 

Joanna,  given  by  Jehovah.  Greek  form  of 
Jehonan.  (i)  Ancestor  of  Christ.  Lu.  3  : 
27.  (2)  Wife  of  Chuza  (R.  V.  Chusas). 
Lu.  8  :  2,  3;   24  :  10. 

John.  Contraction  of  Johanan;  (i)  The  Bap- 
tist, son  of  Zacharias,  beheaded  by  Herod 
Antipas.  (2)  The  Apostle,  son  of  Zebedee, 
and  brother  of  James  {(j.v.).  A  fisherman 
of  Galilee;  called.  Matt.  4:21;  Mk.  i  :  19; 
Lu.  5  :  10;  ordained  to  apostolate,  Matt. 
10:2;  Mk.  3:7.  Wrote  three  Epistles 
and  the  Revelation. 

JONA.  The  same  as  Jonah,  or  Jonas.  Father 
of  Peter.    Matt.  16  :  17;   Jo.  i  :  42. 

Jonas.  N.  T.  Greek  form  of  Jonah.  The  O.  T. 
prophet.  Matt.  39;  Lu.  11  :  30.  Rendered 
"Jonah"  in  R.  V. 

Jordan,  the  descender.  The  sacred  river  of 
Palestine.  Measuring  all  its  windings,  its 
length  from  the  Sea  of  Galilee  to  the  Dead 
Sea  into  which  it  flows  is  about  200,  although 
the  direct  distance  is  only  65  miles. 

Joseph,  he  shall  increase,  (i)  A  carpenter  of 
Nazareth,  son  of  Heli,  and  husband  of  the 
Virgin.  Matt.  1:19;  2:13;  19:55;  I-u- 
I  :27;  2:4;  3  :23;  Jo.  i  :  45-  (2)  Of 
Arimathea,  a  member  of  the  Sanhedrin. 
Matt.  27:57;  Mk.  15:42;  Lu.  23:50; 
Jo.  19  :  38. 

Judas.  Greek  form  of  Judah.  (i)  Jude, 
also  called  Lebbaeus,  and  Thaddaeus.  An 
Apostle,  and  the  brother  of  James.  Wrote 
the  Epistle  of  Jude.  Called  Thaddaeus, 
Matt.  10  :  3  ;  Mk.  3  :  18  ;  called  Judas, 
Lu.  6:16;  Jo.  14:22.  (2)  The  Lord's 
brother.  Matt.  13  :  55;  Mk.  6  :  3.  (3)  Iscariot, 
the  traitor.  Matt.  10:4;  Mk.  3:19;  Lu. 
6  :  16;  Jo.  6:71;  12:6;   13  :  29. 


'  Jude  (see  Judas). 

I  Judea,    also    Jud^a.     The    Land    of    Judah. 

I       Matt.  19  :  i;   Mk.  10  :  i. 

I   Kedron  (see  Kidron). 

Kerioth,  ker'-i-6th,  cities.  A  city  of  Judah. 
i  Josh.  15:25;  Jer.  48:24,  41.  The  home 
I        of  Judas  Iscariot,  i.e.,  Judas  of  Kerioth. 

I^dron,  ke'-dron,  or  kid'-ron,  black.  Spelling 
in  R.  V.  (see  Cedron). 

Lazarus,  laz'-a-rus,  God  has  helped.  Greek  form 
of  Eleazar.  (i)  The  beggar  in  the  parable, 
Lu.  16  :  19-31.  (2)  Brother  of  Mary  and 
Martha,  Jo.  ii;    12  :  i. 

Lebb.eus,  leb-be'-us,  brave.  A  name  of  the 
apostle  Jude  or  Judas,  also  called  Thaddaeus 
(see  Judas). 

Levi.  In  N.  T.,  (i)  The  name  of  two  of 
Christ's  ancestors,  Lu.  3  :  24.  (2)  A  name 
of  Matthew,  the  apostle  (q.v.).  Matt.  9  :g; 
Mk.  2  :  14;   Lu.  5  :  27,  29. 

Levite.  In  the  parable  (Lu.  10  :  32)  this 
name  refers  to  one  of  the  priestly  descend- 
ants of  Aaron,  of  the  tribe  of  Levi. 

Luke.  A  physician,  and  companion  of  Paul. 
Col.  4  :  14;  2  Tim.  4:11,  also  author  of  the 
third  Gospel  and  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 

Lysanias,  li-sa'-ni-as.  Tetrarch  of  Abilene. 
Lu.  3:1. 

Magi,  ma'-ji.  A  religious  caste  in  Media  and 
Persia,  consisting  of  men  learned  in  philoso- 
phy and  science,  who  frequently  were  royal 
advisers.    Matt.  2:1-11  (see  Jer.  39  :  3). 

Mammon,  what  is  hidden.  A  word  used  by 
Christ  for  riches.    Matt.  6  :  24;   Lu.  16:9. 

Mark,  English  form  of  the  Latin  Marcus. 
John  Mark,  an  evangelist,  Acts  12  :  12; 
companion  of  Paul,  Acts  12:25;  I3  :  5; 
Col.  4  :  10;  leaves  Paul  at  Perga,  Acts  13  : 
13;  source  of  contention,  Acts  15:37; 
approved  by  Paul,  2  Tim.  4:11.  Author 
of  the  second  Gospel.     (See  i  Pet.  5  :  13.) 

M.\rtha,  a  lady.  The  sister  of  Lazarus  and 
Mary.    Lu.  10  :  38;   Jo.  11  :  5,  21. 

Mary,  Greek  form  of  Miriam,  rebellion.  In 
the  Gospels  four  Marys  seem  to  be  men- 
tioned :  (i)  The  mother  of  Jesus,  Matt. 
I  :  18;  12:46;  Mk.  6:3;  Lu.  8  :  19;  Jo. 
2:1-5;  19:26.  (2)  Wife  of  Cleophas, 
Matt.  27  :  56,  61;  28  :  1-9;  Mk.  16  :  1-8; 
Lu.  24  :  i-io.  (3)  Sister  of  Lazarus,  Lu. 
10:41,  42;  Jo.  11:5,  33;  12:3;  Matt. 
26:6;  Mk.  14:3.  (4)  Mary  Magdalene, 
mag'-da-len,  i.e.,  of  Magdala,  Lu.  8:2; 
Matt.  27:56;  28:1;  Mk.  15:40;  16:  I; 
Lu.  24  :  10;    Jo.  19  :  25;    20  :  I. 

Matthew,  math'-u.  English  form  of  Mat- 
thias, or  Mattathias.  .'\lso  called  Levi, 
Lu.  5  :  27.  A  tax-gatherer  (publican),  called 
to  be  an  apostle.  Matt.  9:9;  10  :  3;  Mk. 
2:14;  3:18;  Lu.  5:27;  6:15.  Author 
of  the  first  Gospel. 

Messiah.  A  Hebrew  name  meaning  anointed. 
It  is  equivalent  to  the  Greek  Kristos,  Christ, 
the  name  generally  used  in  the  Gospels. 

Messias.  a  Greek  form  of  Messiah,  used  in 
A.  V.    Jo.  I  :  41;   4  :  25. 

Mint.  An  aromatic  herb,  of  which  several 
species  grow  in  Palestine.  Matt.  23:23; 
Lu.  II  :  42. 

Miracle.  A  supernatural  event.  "An  event 
in  the  natural  world,  but  out  of  its  estab- 
lished   order,    and    possible    only    by    the 


DICTIONARY 


37 


intervention  and  exertion  of  Divine  power." 
— Stand.  Die t.  Latin,  miraculum,  a  wonder. 
This  word  in  the  R.  V.  is  almost  uniformly 
translated  "sign,"  especially  in  the  Gospel 
by  John,  who  places  emphasis  upon  the 
■'mighty  works"  performed  by  Jesus  as  an 
unquestionable  evidence  of  His  Messiahship. 

Mite.  The  smalles.  N.  T.  coin  =  >4  farthing, 
or  ^  of  a  cent.  Used  (or  alms  to  beggars, 
and  hence  called  "beggars'  money."  Mk. 
12  :  42;    Lu.  12  :  51);    21  :  2. 

Money  Ch.anc.ers.  Those  who  supplied 
Hebrew  money,  required  for  the  temple 
offerings,  in  exchange  for  the  coin  of  other 
countries.  The  business  was  a  necessity, 
because  many  foreign  coins  were  in  circula- 
tion, and  a  multitude  of  those  who  made  the 
offerings  came  from  foreign  countries.  But 
the  establishment  of  the  business  within  the 
Temple  and  the  exorbitant  premium  of 
<xchange  often  charged  was  condemned  by 
Christ.  Matt.  21  :  12;  Mk.  II  :  15  (see  Ex. 
3'>:  13-15)- 

MvRRH.  An  aromatic  gum  resm  which 
exudes  from  a  small  tree  in  many  Eastern 
countries.  Matt.  2:11;  Mk.  15:23;  Jo. 
19  :  39- 

N.WMAN,  na'-a-man.  A  Syrian  general  who 
was  healed  of  leprosy  by  Elisha.  2  Ki.  5. 
Referred  to  by  Christ.    Lu.  4  :  27. 

Naix,  na'-in.  A  village  of  Galilee,  about  7 
miles  S.  W.  of  Nazareth.    Lu.  7:11. 

Nathanaei.,  na-than'-a-el,  God  gave.  A  native 
of  Cana  in  Galilee,  called  to  be  an  apostle. 
Jo.  I  :  45  ff.;  21  :  2.  Also  called  Bartholo- 
mew  {q.v.).   Matt.   10:3;    Mk.  3:18;    Lu. 

6  :  14. 

Na'.arene,     nilz-a-ren'.     An     inhabitant     of 

Nazareth.     A  name  given  to  Jesus  and  His 

followers.    Matt.  2  :  23;    21  :  ii;    Lu.  i  :  26; 

2:39,51;    4:16;    Jo.   1:45;     18:5;    Acts 

2  :22;    3:6. 
Nazareth,    naz-a-reth,    branch.     A    town    of 

Galilee,  for  28  years  the  home  of  our  Lord. 

Lu.  2  :4,  39,  51. 
NiconEMUS,   nik-6-de'-mus.     A   pharisee,   and 

member    of    the    Sanhedrin.    Jo.    3  :  i-io; 

7  :  50;    19  :  39- 

Olives,  Mount  of,  or  Olivet.  A  low  moun- 
tain cast  of  Jerusalem  from  which  it  is 
separated  by  the  ravine  of  the  Kidron. 
Matt.  24  :  I ;   24  :  3. 

Palestine,  pal'-es-tln  (Joel  3:4),  or  Pales- 
TiNA  {V-.\.  15:14;  Isa.  14:29,  31).  In 
R.  V.  both  names  are  rendered  Philistia. 
The  land  of  the  Philistines.  Early  in  the 
Christian  era  the  name  came  to  be  applied 
to  the  entire  Holy  Land. 

Parahi.e.  .\  short  religious  allegory,  much 
used  in  Oriental  teaching  (see  List  of  Para- 
bles of  Christ). 

Paradise,  a  park,  or  pleasure  ground.  In  N.  T. 
it  is  the  place  where  the  souls  of  the  righteous 
dead  await  the  resurrection;  heaven.  Lu. 
23  :  43- 

Passover,  a  passing  over.  One  of  the  three 
great  Jewish  feasts  commemorating  the 
night  when  the  Destroying  Angel,  smiting 
the  Egyptian  first-born,  "passed  over"  the 
dwellings  of  the  Israelites  (Ex.  12).  Called 
also  the  "Feast  of  Unleavened  Bread,"  and 
lasted  from  the  14th  to  the  21st  of  the  month 


Nisan  (sec  Jewish  Calendar,  p.  31).    Matt. 
26:19;    Mk.  14:12;    Lu.  22:7;    Jo.  2  :  13; 

5:1:   13- 

Pavement,  o  beaten  floor.  Jo.  19  :  13  (see 
Gabbatha). 

Penny.  The  Roman  silver  denarius,  equiva- 
lent to  the  Greek  silver  drachma,  and  worth 
8K  pence,  or  about  16  cents. 

Pentecost,  pen'-te-c6st,  fiftieth.  A  Jewish 
harvest  festival  celebrated  fifty  days  after 
the  Passover,  counting  seven  full  weeks 
from  the  i6th  of  Nisan.  It  is  calli-rl  the 
"Feast  of  Weeks"  (Ex.  34:22)  and  the 
"Feast  of  Harvest"  (Ex.  23:16).  It 
lasted  but  one  day.  Our  Lord's  ascension 
took  place  forty  days  after  the  Passover, 
and  therefore  ten  days  before  the  succeeding 
Pentecost.  Acts  2  :  i  (see  Jewish  Calendar, 
p.  31). 

Peter,  a  stone.  A  fisherman  of  Capernaum, 
called  to  be  an  apostle.  Matt.  4  :  18;  Mk. 
I  :  16;  Lu.  5  :  i-ii.  Originally  called  Simon, 
Jo.  I  :4i;  a  son  of  Jonas,  Jo.  i  :  42  (see 
Cephas). 

Pharisees,  fair'-i-sez,  separated  ones.  An 
exclusive  religious  sect  of  the  Jews,  who  gave 
scrupulous  adherence  to  the  letter  of  the 
law,  to  tradition,  and  to  external  ceremonies. 
They  were  forinalists  who  missed  the  true 
spirit  of  the  law.  In  N.  T.  times  they 
formed  an  association  of  about  6,000  mem- 
bers. Prominent  Pharisees  named  are, 
Nicodemus,  Jo.  3  :  I;  Simon,  Lu.  7;  Gama- 
liel, Acts  5  :  34;  Saul  of  Tarsus,  Acts  23  :  6. 
Denounced  by  Christ,  Matt.  5  :  20;  16  :  6; 
21  :43;   23  :  13;   Lu.  11  :  42. 

Philip,  lover  of  horses,  (i)  A  resident  of 
Bethsaida,  called  .to  be  an  Apostle.  Matt. 
10  :  3;    Mk.  3  :  18;    Lu.  6  :  14;    Jo.  6  :  5-9. 

(2)  Herod    Philip,    half-brother    of    Herod 
Antipas,  tetrarch  of  Trachonitis.    Lu.  3:1. 

(3)  Philip,     half-brother    of     Herod     Philip 
above,    first    husband    of    Herodias.    Matt. 

14  :  3;    Mk.  6  :  17;    Lu.  i  :  19  (see  Herodian 
Family,  p.  32). 

PiL.\TE,  Pontius,  pon'-tius.  Fifth  Roman 
procurator  of  Judea,  A.D.  26  to  36.  Lu. 
3:1.  Delivers  Christ  to  be  crucified.  Matt. 
27:26;  Mk.  15:15;  Lu-  23:24,  25;  Jo. 
19  :  16. 

Pr/ETORIUM,  pre-tor'-I-um.  The  headquarters 
of  a  Roman  governor,  used  as  a  judgment 
hall.    Matt.  27  :  27;   Mk.  15  :  16;  Jo.  18  :  28. 

Procurator,  prok'-u-ra-tor.  A  Roman  pro- 
vincial governor,  appointed  by  the  emperor. 

Prophet,  one  who  speaks  forth.  One  who 
proclaims  the  message  given  to  him  through 
Divine  inspiration.  In  the  N.  T.  Christ, 
who  came  to  reveal  the  Father,  is  the  pre- 
eminent prophet,  Lu.  7  :  16;  24  :  19;  Jo. 
4:19;  7:40.  John  the  Baptist  called  a 
prophet,  Lu.  i  :  76;   7  :  28. 

Prose', yte,  pros'-e-llt,  a  new-comer.  In  N.  T. 
a     Gentile     converted    to    Judaism.    Matt. 

23  :  15- 
Publican,  servant  of  the  people.     A  tax-gatherer 
of    the    civil    power,    and    one    universally 
despised  by  the  Jews.    Matt.  5  :  4^;    9  :  "; 
11:19;    18:17;    Lu.  3  :  12;    5:27;    7:29; 

15  :  l;    19  :2. 

Purification.  A  ritualistic  form  of  cleansing 
practiced  by  the  Jews  (see  Lev.  14  :  4-32). 
Mk.  7  :3.  4;   Jo-  II  :55- 

PuRi.M,  lots.  A  Jewish  feast  commemorating 
the  pre?  ervation  of  the  Jews  in  Persia  from 


38 


DICTIONARY 


the  plot  of  Hainan.  So  called  from  the  lots 
cast  by  Haman  (Est.  4  :  16).  The  feast 
lasted  two  days,  beginning  on  the  14th  day 
of  Adar,  the  12th  month  (see  Jewish  Calendar, 
P-30- 

Rabbi,  rab'-bl,  master,  teacher.  A  title  of 
respect  given  by  the  Jews  to  their  religious 
teachers  and  priests.  Applied  to  Christ, 
Matt.  23  :  7;    Mk.  9:5;   Jo.  i  :  38;   3  :  2. 

Rabboni,  rab-bo'-ni,  my  master.  The  title 
used  by  Mary.    Jo.  20  :  16. 

Raca,  ra'-ka,  worthless  fellow.  A  Hebrew  term 
of  reproach.    Matt.  5  :  22. 

Rama,  ra'-ma.  Greek  form  of  Ramah.  A 
city  near  Jerusalem.  Matt.  2  :  18  (see  Jer. 
.31  :  15)- 

Sabbath,  rest,  cessation.  The  day  of  rest,  and 
one  to  be  kept  holy  (see  Gen.  2  : 2,  3). 
Christ,  the  Lord  of,  Mk.  2  :  27;   Lu.  6  :  5. 

Sadducees,  sad'-du-sez.  A  Jewish  religious 
sect  opposed  to  the  Pharisees.  They  denied 
the  doctrine  of  the  resurrection,  believing  in 
"neither  angel  nor  spirit";  rejected  all 
doctrines  not  traced  to  Moses,  and  therefore 
denied  the  authority  of  the  later  O.  T.  books. 
Their  opposition  to  Christ  and  Christianity 
was  as  pronounced  as  that  of  the  Pharisees. 
Matt.  16  :i;  22:23;  Mk.  12:18;  Lu. 
20  :  27. 

Salim,  peace.  Greek  form  of  Salem.  A  place 
near  JEnon.    Jo.  3  :  23. 

SjVLOme,  sa-lo-me,  perfect,  (i)  Wife  of  Zebe- 
dee.  Matt.  15:40;  16  :i;  also  Matt.  20: 
20-22;  27:56.  (2)  Daughter  of  Herodias, 
Matt.  14:6;  Mk.  6:22  (see  Herodian 
Family,  p.  32). 

Samaria.  A  province  of  Palestine  between 
Judea  and  Galilee.  The  name  also  of  its 
chief  city,  Lu.  17  :  II;   Jo.  4  :  1-42. 

Samaritans.  The  inhabitants  of  Samaria,  a 
mixed  and  semi-heathen  race  originating 
from  the  admixture  with  the  Assyrian 
colonists  planted  there  after  the  fall  of  the 
kingdom  of  Israel  (2  Ki.  17  :  24-34).  They 
built  a  temple  on  Mt.  Gerizim,  as  the  Jews 
after  their  return  from  the  Captivity  refused 
an  alliance  with  them.  Their  mixed  nation- 
ality and  corrupt  religious  customs  brought 
upon  them  the  contempt  of  the  Jews.  Matt. 
10:5;  Jo.  4:9-26;  8:48.  Luke  makes 
special  mention  of  our  Lord's  good-will 
toward  these  people.  Lu.  9:52;  10:33; 
17  :  II,  16. 

Sanhedrin,  san'-he-drin,  a  sitting  together. 
Also  Sanhedrim.  The  supreme  council  of 
the  Jews  which  held  chief  authority  "in  all 
causes  and  over  all  persons  ecclesiastical 
and  civil."  It  consisted  of  72  priests, 
scribes,  and  elders  of  an  equal  number  each, 
presided  over  by  the  high  priest.  It  might 
adjudge  a  person  "worthy  of  death,"  but 
to  condemn  to  death  was  a  power  vested 
solely  in  the  Roman  governor.  Matt.  5  :  22; 
Mk.  14  :  55;   Jo.  11  :  47. 

Satan,  adversary.  In  the  N.  T.  the  chief  of 
the  evil  spirits;  the  devil.  Called  also 
"the  prince  of  this  world."  Matt.  12:26; 
Mk.  3:23;  8:33;  Lu.  4:8;  10:18; 
II  :  18. 

Scorpion.  An  insect  shaped  like  a  lobster, 
with  a  venomous  sting.  Ten  species  are 
found  in  Palestine.    Lu.  II  :  12. 

Scourging.     A   punishment   common   among 


the  Jews.  Not  more  than  forty  blows  could 
be  inflicted  with  the  whip,  which  had  three 
lashes  of  cord  or  leather.  Matt.  10  :  17; 
23  :  34;   27  :  26;    Lu.  23  :  16;   Jo.  2  :  15. 

Scribe.  One  of  a  Jewish  class,  whose  duty 
was  "to  guard,  transcribe,  and  interpret  the 
Scriptures."  Censured  by  Christ.  Matt. 
15  :  3;  23  :  2;  Mk.  2  :  16;  3  :  22;  Lu.  11  : 
15.  53;  20  :  I.  They  conspire  against 
Christ.  Mk.  11  :  18;  Lu.  20:19;  22:2; 
23  :  10. 

Shechem,  she'-kem.  A  city  about  35  miles 
north  of  Jerusalem,  on  the  side  of  Mt. 
Gerizim.  After  the  Captivity  it  became  a 
centre  of  Samaritan  worship.  Jo.  4  :  5, 
39-42.     Also  written  Sichem  and  Sycheni. 

Shewbread.  Twelve  loaves  of  newly  baked 
unleavened  bread  which  were  placed  every 
Sabbath  on  the  table  in  the  sanctuary. 
Matt.  12  :  3,  4. 

Siloam,  sl-l6'-am,  sent,  (i)  A  pool  under  the 
S.  E.  wall  of  Jerusalem.  Jo.  9:7-11.  (2) 
A  tower  which  in  falling  killed  18  men.  Its 
location  is  unknown.    Lu.  13  :  4. 

Simeon.  An  aged  and  pious  Jew  who  wel- 
comed and  blessed  the  child  Jesus  in  the 
temple.    Lu.  2  :  25-35.  . 

Simon.  The  same  as  Simeon,  (i)  A  name 
of  Peter,  Matt.  4  :  18.  (2)  Simon  Zelotes, 
or  the  Canaanite,  one  of  the  twelve.  Matt. 
10:4;  Mk.  3:18;  Lu.  6:15.  (3)  The 
Pharisee,  Lu.  7  :  36.  (4)  The  leper,  Matt. 
26  :  6;  Mk.  14  :  3.  (5)  The  Cyrenian,  Matt. 
27:32;  Mk.  15:21;  Lu.  23  :  26.  (6)  The 
brother  of  Christ,  Matt.  13  :  55;_  Mk.  6  :  3. 

Sodom.  One  of  the  cities  of  the  plain  destroyed 
by  fire  from  heaven  (see  Gen.  10  :  19).  Re- 
ferred to  by  Christ.    Matt.  10  :  15;    11  :  23. 

Solomon's  Porch.  The  space  within  the 
colonnade  on  the  east  side  of  the  temple. 
Jo.  10  :  23. 

Spikenard.  The  fragrant  and  costly  ointment 
or  nard  made  from  an  East  Indian  plant. 
It  was  worth  from  25  to  400  denarii  ($4  to 
$65)  a  pound.  Matt.  14  :  3;  Lu.  7  :  37;  Jo. 
12  :3. 

Susanna,  a  lily.  One  of  the  women  who 
ministered  to  our  Lord.    Lu.  8  :  3. 

Sycomore,  sik-6-more.  A  timber  tree  of 
medium  size  of  the  fig  species,  found  in 
Palestine  and  Syria.  Lu.  19  :  4.  Written 
also  Sycamine,  Lu.  17:6. 

Tabernacles,  Feast  of.  One  of  the  three 
great  feasts  of  the  Jews,  in  commemoration 
of  the  former  tent  life  of  the  Hebrews.  It 
is  celebrated  from  the  15th  to  the  22d  of  the 
month  Tisri,  and  during  that  time  the 
people  dwelt  in  booths  or  tents.  Jo.  7  :  2, 
37,  38. 

Talent.  A  Hebrew  weight  of  about  965^  lbs. 
of  silver,  worth  about  £205,  or  $970.  Matt. 
18:24. 

Talitha  cumi,  tal'-i-tha  ku'-ml,  girl  or  maiden 
arise.     Mk.  5  :  41. 

Tares.  A  plant  resembling  wheat  while 
growing,  but  producing  poisonous  grains. 
Matt.  13  :  25-30. 

Temple,  The.  The  great  seat  of  the  worship 
of  Jehovah  at  Jerusalem.  The  Temple  in 
the  time  of  Christ  was  the  costly  structure 
of  which  Herod  the  Great  began  the  erection 
in  B.C.  17.  The  name  was  given  to  "the 
whole  sacred  precincts  on  Mount  Moriah, 
including    the    sanctuary    and    the    various 


DICTIONARY 


39 


courts."  Christ  drives  out  traders,  Matt. 
21  :  12;  Mk.  II  :  15;  Lu.  19  :  45;  Jo.  2  :  14. 
Christ  foretells  its  destruction,  Matt.  24  :  2; 
Mk.  13:2^  Lu.  21  :  6.  Christ  teaches  in, 
Lu.  21  :37;  symbolical  of  the  body  of 
Christ,  Jo.  2  :  21. 

ThadD/EUS,  thd(l'-(le-us.  (Jreek  form  of  Theu- 
n.\s.  A  surname  of  the  apostle  Jude,  who 
was  also  called  Lebbaeus.  Matt.  10:3; 
Mk.  3  :  18  (sec  Judas). 

Theophilus,  thc-of'-Mus,  loved  of  God.  A 
person  otherwise  unknown,  to  whom  Luke 
addressed  his  Gospel  and  the  "Acts  of  the 
Apostles."    Lu.  3  :  i;   Acts  i  :  i. 

Thomas,  a  twin,  one  of  the  Apostles.  Matt. 
10:3;  Mk.  3  :  18;  Lu.  6  :  15;  Jo.  11  :  16; 
14  : 6.  Called  also  in  Cireek  Didy.mus, 
a  twin,  Jo.  20  :  24.  His  doubt,  Jo.  20  :  25, 
and  confession,  Jo.  20  :  27-29. 

Tiberias,  tl-bc'-ri-as.  A  town  on  the  west 
shore  of  the  Sea  of  Galilee  or  Lake  of  Gennc- 
saret.  It  was  built  by  Herod  Antipas  and 
named  by  him  in  honor  of  Tiberius,  the 
Roman  emperor.  Jo.  6  :  23.  It  gave  to  the 
sea  one  of  its  names.    Jo.  6  :  i;   21  :  i. 

Tiberius,  tl-be'-ri-us.  The  second  Roman 
emperor,  succeeding  Augustus,  A.D.  14, 
and  reigning  until  A.D.  37.  Lu.  3:1;  also 
Lu.  20  :  22-25;    23  :  2;    Jo.  19  :  12. 

Trachonitis,  trak-6-ni'-tis,  rugged  country. 
A  Roman  province  lying  east  of  the  Upper 
Jordan  and  south  of  Damascus.    Lu.  3:1. 

Treasury,  the.  Gift,  or  "alms-boxes  with 
trumpet-shaped  openings,"  placed  in  the 
Court  of  the  Women,  in  the  Temple,  to 
receive  the  offerings  of  the  people.  Mk. 
12:41;  Lu.  21  :i;  Jo.  8  :  20  (see  Matt. 
27:6). 

Watch.     In  the  N.  T.  the  night  was  divided 
by  the  Jews  into  four  watches: 
First  Watch,  evening,  from  6  to  9  P.M. 


Second  Watch,  midnight,  from  9  to  12  P.M. 
Third  Watch,  cock-crow,  from  12  to  3  A.M. 
Fourth  Watch,  morning,  from  3  to  6  A.M. 

ZACCH.4ii;s,  zak-ke'-us.  A  rich  publican  of 
Jericho  who  entertained  Jesus.    Lu.  19  :  i-io. 

Zacharias,  zak-ii-ri'-as.  Greek  form  of  Zacha- 
riah.  (i)  A  priest  of  the  course  of  Abia, 
father  of  John  the  Baptist.  Lu.  i  :  5-25, 
57-80.  (2)  Son  of  Barachias,  who  was 
slain  between  the  temple  and  the  altar. 
Matt.  23:35;  Lu.  II  :5i.  R.  V.,  Zacha- 
riah. 

Zealots.  A  Jewish  political  party  opposed 
to  Herod  and  the  Roman  rule.  Flourished 
between  A.D.  6  and  70,  disappearing  with 
the  destruction  of  Jerusalem.  Simon  Zelotes, 
{q.v.),  one  of  the  apostles,  seems  to  have 
belonged  to  this  party. 

Zebedee,  zeb'-e-de.  Greek  form  of  Zebadiah. 
The  husband  of  Salome,  and  father  of  James 
and  John.  Resided  at  or  near  Bethsaida. 
Matt.  4:21;  27:56;  Mk.  1:19,  20; 
15  :40. 

Zelotes,  ze-l6'-tes,  a  zealot.  A  name  given  to 
Simon  the  apostle,  probably  to  distinguish 
him  from  Simon  Peter,  and  possibly  indi- 
cating at  the  same  time  his  connection  with 
the  Zealots. 

ZiON,  sunny.  The  most  southern  and  highest 
hill  of  Jerusalem,  captured  by  David  from 
the  Jebusites  and  fortified 'by  him.  Called 
"the  City  of  David."  In  the  O.  T.  the 
name  came  to  be  used  with  a  sacred  meaning, 
signifying  a  holy  place,  and  also  God's 
chosen  people,  in  N.  T.  (Heb.  12  :  22)  it 
is  used  to  represent  the  Christian  Church. 
In  A.  V.  of  N.  T.,  SiON. 

ZiON,  Daughters  of.  The  inhabitants  of 
Zion,  both  male  and  female.  Matt.  21  :  5; 
Jo.  12  :  15  (see  Isa.  62  :  11);   Zech.  9  :  9. 


40 


SUGGESTIVE   QUESTIONS 


SUGGESTIVE   QUESTIONS 

TO   BE  ANSWERED   FROM   THE   CHARTS. 


There  is  an  abundant  equipment  provided 
for  the  Bible  Student  and  Sunday-school 
Teacher  of  the  present  day.  The  many 
"helps"  and  quarterlies,  with  such  weekly 
messengers  as  The  Sunday  School  Times, 
would  seem  to  furnish  a  complete  outfit.  It 
is  believed,  however,  that  the  place  of  the 
present  Charts,  which  introduce  a  Visible 
Method  of  acquiring  knowledge  and  of  teaching, 
will  readily  be  found  by  the  intelligent  teacher. 
This  method  is  now  no  experiment  among 
later  educational  devices,  and  there  seems 
no  reason  why  it  should  not  be  used  to  advan- 
tage by  the  Bible  student. 

A  few  questions,  merely  suggestive,  and  of 
course  far  from  being  exhaustive,  are  here 
added  to  show  in  briefest  manner  the  character 
of  the  information  to  be  gained  from  the 
Charts  and  the  service  they  may  be  to  the 
lesson  in  hand.  In  every  instance  reference 
should  be  made  to  the  corresponding  number 
in  the  text  for  fuller  details. 

As  an  illustration,  taking  the  Healing  of 
the  Infirm  Man  at  the  Pool  of  Bethesda 
(Event  No.  45)  as  the  center  of  our  lesson, 
the  Chart  shows:  (i)  the  miracle  was  per- 
formed at  Jerusalem  during  the  second  passover 
of  our  Lord's  ministry,  March  30  to  April  5, 
A.D.  28;  (2)  it  formed  the  first  break  in  the 
strictly  GaUlean  Ministry,  and  that  He  passed 
through  Samaria  in  both  going  up  to  Jerusalem 
and  in  returning;  (3)  John  the  Baptist  was 
still  a  prisoner  in  the  Fortress  of  Machserus; 
(4)  the  miracle  preceded  and  contributed  to 
one  of  the  turning  points  of  our  Lord's  ministry, 
as  it  was  performed  in  the  center  of  Judaism 
on  the  Sabbath  day,  which  aroused  the  first 
deadly  antagonism  of  the  religious  leaders  of 
the  Jews;  (5)  this  enmity  was  accentuated 
through  the  "Sabbath  controversy"  which 
ensued  over  the  two  succeeding  events,  46  and 
47;  (6)  the  consequent  change  in  the  method 
of  our  Lord's  work  which  led  Him  to  select 
a  band  of  loyal  followers  to  be  constantly  with 
Him,  and  which  marked  the  beginning  of  the 
second  part  of  the  Great  Galilean  Ministry; 
(7)  and  that  this  miracle  (45)  is  recorded  in 
the  Gospel  by  John  only,  who,  we  also  notice, 
gives  but  a  meager  record  of  the  Ministry  in 
Galilee. 

Other  Suggestive  Questions  on  the  Charts. 
I.    Diagram  One. 

1.  Name  the  Roman  Emperor  and  rulers  of 

Palestine,  (i)  at  the  time  Christ  was 
born,  (2)  at  the  time  of  His  death. 
Give  opening  and  closing  dates  in  each 
case. 

2.  What     political    changes    took     place     in   1 

Palestine  upon  the  death  of  Herod  the   ^ 
Great?      Give   the    names   of   the   suc- 
cessors of  Herod  the  Great,  with  their 
official  title. 


3.  What  change  was  made  in  the  government 

of  Judea  and  Samaria  about  A.D.  6? 

4.  What  event  occurred  in  the  life  of  Christ 

A.D.  9?  Who  was  then  procurator  of 
Judea? 

5.  Name   the    Palestinian    rulers   during   the 

Ministry  of  Christ. 

6.  In  which  of  the  provinces  of  Palestine  did 

our  Lord  spend  the  most  of  His  earthlv 
life? 

7.  Trace  the  relationship  of  Herod  Antipas, 

Archelaus  and  Herod  Philip  II.  (see 
also  Hcrodian  Family,  p.  32).  Inci- 
dentally, what  term  did  Christ  apply  to 
the  first  named  of  these?  (see  Luke 
13  :3i,  32). 

II.   Large  Chart. 

8.  About   what   time   did    Christ    begin    His 

Galilean  Ministry,  and  what  was  the 
apparent  reason  for  His  departure  from 
Judea  at  that  time?  What  event  oc- 
curred during  His  journey  to  Galilee? 

9.  Which    of   the    Gospels    makes   but    brief 

reference  to  the  Galilean  Ministry,  but 
what  event  in  that  Ministry  does  that 
Gospel  alone  record? 

10.  What  was  the  duration  of  John  the  Bap- 

tist's Ministry,  and  also  of  his  imprison- 
ment? 

11.  Give   the   approximate   date   of    the    first 

rejection  at  Nazareth;  also  of  the 
second. 

12.  How  many  times  is  it  recorded  that  Jesus 

crossed  the  Sea  of  Galilee?  What 
happened  during  the  first  crossing? 
Also  during  the  fourth? 

13.  Where  was  Jesus  about  the  time  of  the 

passover  of  His  Ministry  (A.D.  29)? 
What  great  miracle  did  He  then  per- 
form, and  what  crisis  in  His  life  did 
it  mark?     (See  also  Text.) 

14.  Why  is  event  No.  81  of  special  significance? 

(See  also  Text.) 

15.  In  which  of  the  Gospels  are  the  following 

incidents  recorded: — Miracle  at  mar- 
riage, Cana  of  Galilee;  Christ's  conversa- 
tion with  the  Samaritan  woman;  healing 
of  demoniac  of  Gadara;  the  feeding  of 
the  five  thousand;  healing  of  daughter 
of  Syrophoenician  woman;  the  Trans- 
figuration; the  feeding  of  the  four 
thousand;    the  raising  of  Lazarus? 

16.  What    two    events    of    the    Resurrection 

Period  are  located  in  Galilee,  and  in 
which  of  the  Gospels  do  we  find  the 
record? 


HISTORICAL  CHARTS 

CHART  ONE 

Diagram  One.     A  General  View  of  the  Life  of  Christ 
Diagram  Two.     The  Passion  Week 


MTof  OLIVES 

AND 

6ETHSEMANE 


JERUSALEM 

AND 

THE  TEMPLE 


•S  DIAGRAM    TWO.a- 


THE     PAS  SI 


BETHANY 


OUTS  IDE THE 
CITrWALL 


MATTHEW 


MARK 


LUKE 


JOHN 


SUN  DAY.  APRIL  2 


^l^'^T^ 


^/yt       NOON     PM 


IP^ 


i: 


\'Xl<:Rublic  Entry 
\  \Visits^Jemple. 


131.    21:   l-ll 


131.      11:1- 


131.   l9r27-44. 


131.     12:12-19 


MONDAY.  APRIL  3 


T^='%' 


flM       NOOA/  .   PM 


12'ffarrenfiqfree 
'-fursed. .  / 


^^^  'of 'Temp/ e 


^M=miz 


132.  21:18.19. 

133.  21:12-17 


132.  II:  12-14 

133.  11.15-19 


133.  19:45-48 


HTHE  general  explanation  as  to  design  and  color 
•*■  found  upon  the  Chart  of  the  Ministry  of 
Christ  will  apply  to  Diagrams  One  and  Two. 

In  Diagram  One  the  course  of  the  political  his- 
tory of  Palestine  is  traced  from  B.  C.  9  to  A.  D. 
30;  the  two  political  conditions  of  the  country,  as 
divided  by  the  year  B.  C.  4,  are  also  shown  upon 
the  two  Key  Maps.  The  life  of  Christ  is  also  traced 
here  by  the  waved  line. 

In  Diagram  Two,  in  which  Judean  territory  (al- 
ways red)  is  chiefly  involved,  attention  is  called  to 
the  different  shades  of  red,  indicating  the  Temple, 
Jerusalem,  and  territory  "Outside  the  City 
Wall."  Our  Lord's  journeyings  between  Bethany 
and  Jerusalem  during  these  days  are  also  approxi- 
mately shown.  Day  and  night  are  also  distinguished 
by  color. 

Copyright,    1912.   by   The   Sunday  School   Times  Company. 
Qeorse  E.   Croscup,   Del. 


TUESDAY  APRIL4 


/7/y?     moN     PM     N 


yX^Fi^hee  found 
I'l  \  'withered  \ 


^.   _    Ta/entsA 
Des  'rofJeruss/em  foretold. 


•  145 

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\An\Rmc)(ed^  Huspandman 
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1  '.14 1  \  Woes  ^Prom  unc^af 
\\^2^m'do'yys 

_  J es US'/SB t^es   |  147 
Temple  fore^^er  , 


T^vo 


13421:20-2? 
I35  2I-.25-27 
136.21:28-32 
13721:33-46 


138.22:1-14. 
139.22:15-40 
140.22:41-46 
141.23:1-39 


154.11:20-261 
155.11:27-33  ( 


139  12:13-34 
140. 1 2:35-37 
14/.  12:3840 
13712:1-12  142.12:41-44 


135.20:1-8 
157  20:9-19 


159.20:2040 
14020:4)44 
14/.  20.4547 
142.2/:/ -4 


143  12:20-36 
/44;l2:37-50 


WEDNESDAY  APRIL  5 


AM      NOON      pyi.      N 


Jesus  in  pefiremenf 


fffarrj3'^e 
by  Jews. 

Quest/ot 


M/fes 
■seeff  Jesus. 
Judas  co/JSfjires, 
wif/tCI^/e/Pnests 


Beginning 
'ifrife  gmoi. 
fVasfttscli. 
TheBetrayt 
LordsSupf. 
Pefersdem. 
Paretve/I 

■  ana/  p, 


145.  24:1-51. 

146.  25:1-46 
147  26:1-5,14-16. 


145.  13:1-37 

147    14:1.2.10; 


145    21:5-38. 
147   22:1-6 


SUNPfvYMONDAVJ^  TUESDAY 


THURSI 


at  Beth  a 


152.26:21 
153  26:26- 


14814  12-1 


152.14:18- 
153  14:22-; 


148  22:7- 

149  22:15- 

150  22  24; 
1523  22:19 


151.13:1-2 

15213:21 


THE    LIFE    OF    CHRIST 

B.C.) 


DATE  DUE 

--'-'^mm^ 

GAYLORD 

—  "-  — 

